[en] Two-color quantum chromodynamics (QCD with N_c=2) at finite temperature T and chemical potential μ is revisited in the strong coupling limit on the lattice with staggered fermions. The phase structure in the space of T, μ, and the quark mass m is elucidated with the use of the mean field approximation and the 1/d expansion (d being the number of spatial dimensions). We put special emphasis on the interplay among the chiral condensate < q-barq>, the diquark condensate < qq>, and the quark density < q^†q> in the T-μ-m space. Simple analytic formulae are also derived without assuming μ nor m being small. Qualitative comparisons are made between our results and those of recent Monte-Carlo simulations in 2-color QCD

[en] This volume contains the proceedings of the RBRC/CATHIE workshop on 'P- and CP-odd Effects in Hot and Dense Matter' held at the RIKEN-BNL Research Center on April 26-30, 2010. The workshop was triggered by the experimental observation of charge correlations in heavy ion collisions at RHIC, which were predicted to occur due to local parity violation (P- and CP-odd fluctuations) in hot and dense QCD matter. This experimental result excited a significant interest in the broad physics community, inspired a few alternative interpretations, and emphasized the need for a deeper understanding of the role of topology in QCD vacuum and in hot and dense quark-gluon matter. Topological effects in QCD are also closely related to a number of intriguing problems in condensed matter physics, cosmology and astrophysics. We therefore felt that a broad cross-disciplinary discussion of topological P- and CP-odd effects in various kinds of matter was urgently needed. Such a discussion became the subject of the workshop. Specific topics discussed at the workshop include the following: (1) The current experimental results on charge asymmetries at RHIC and the physical interpretations of the data; (2) Quantitative characterization of topological effects in QCD matter including both analytical (perturbative and non-perturbative using gauge/gravity duality) and numerical (lattice-QCD) calculations; (3) Topological effects in cosmology of the Early Universe (including baryogenesis and dark energy); (4) Topological effects in condensed matter physics (including graphene and superfiuids); and (5) Directions for the future experimental studies of P- and CP-odd effects at RHIC and elsewhere. We feel that the talks and intense discussions during the workshop were extremely useful, and resulted in new ideas in both theory and experiment. We hope that the workshop has contributed to the progress in understanding the role of topology in QCD and related fields. We thank all the speakers and participants, and express our gratitude to the event coordinator Pam Esposito for her hard work.

[en] We elaborate how to construct interweaving chiral spirals in (2+1) dimensions, defined as a superposition of chiral spirals oriented in different directions. We divide a two-dimensional Fermi sea into distinct wedges, characterized by the opening angle 2Θ and depth Q ≅ pF, where pF is the Fermi momentum. In each wedge, the energy is lowered by forming a single chiralspiral. The optimal values for Θ and Q are chosen by balancing this gain in energy versus the cost of deforming the Fermi surface (which dominates at large Θ) and patch-patch interactions (dominant at small Θ). Using a non-local four-Fermi interaction model, we estimate the gain and cost in energy by expanding in terms of 1/Nc (where Nc is the number of colors), ΛQCD/Q, and Θ. Due to a form factor in our non-local model, at small 1/Nc the mass gap (chiral condensate) is large, and the interaction among quarks and the condensate local in momentum space. Consequently, interactions between different patches are localized near their boundaries, and it is simple to embed many chiral spirals. We identify the dominant and subdominant terms at high density and categorize formulate an expansion in terms of ΛQCD/Q or Θ. The kinetic term in the transverse directions is subdominant, so that techniques from (1+1)-dimensional systems can be utilized. To leading order in 1/Nc and ΛQCD/Q, the total gain in energy is with Θ∼(ΛQCD/pF)^3/5. Since Θ decreases with increasing pF, there should be phase transitions associated with the change in the wedge number. We also argue the effects of subdominant terms at lower density where the large-Nc approximation is more reliable.

[en] We have developed a reliable radioimmunoassay for testosterone in plasma, polyethylene glycol (''Carbowax 6000'') being used to separate antibody-bound and free hormone. Testosterone is separated from interfering steroids, notably dihydrotestosterone, by liquid-liquid partition chromatography on infusorial earth (Celite). The assay is sensitive (9 pg for standards), precise, and accurate. The lowest measurable concentration of testosterone is 350 ng/ liter for plasma from men and 70 ng/liter for plasma from women. Intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation were 6.9 percent and 9.7 percent, respectively, for plasma from men, and 9.6 percent and 11.8 percent, respectively, for plasma from women. Our method for separating antibody-bound and free hormone is practical and convenient and may be generally applicable to all radioimmunoassays of steroid hormones in plasma. (auth)

[en] Hydrodynamics is often applied to quantum phenomena such as heavy-ion collisions. But here is should be noted that local equilibrium is not always realized in these collision processes and also the quantum effect is not fully taken into account in hydrodynamics. In this sense, a fluid-dynamical treatment of quantum many-body systems which does not presuppose local equilibrium is required. As an attempt in this direction, we derive simultaneous equations governing the motion of local variables such as the particle density rho(r,t) and velocity field v(r,t) by averaging a many-body wave function. The equations obtained will be shown to unify into a single nonlinear Schroedinger-type equation. Hence this is worthy of being called a quantum fluid dynamics (QFD). In deriving the QFD, we have employed the time-dependent Hartree-Fock and the generalized scaling approximation. Particularly, in order to attain self-containedness, we have assumed a certain relation which is valid in the case of the locally isotropic strain tensor. The introduction of anisotropy requires other local variables reflecting explicitly the deviation from local equilibrium and thus has been left as a future task. (orig.)

[en] The first-principle approach to the dense state of QCD matter, i.e., the lattice-QCD simulation at finite baryon density, is not under theoretical control for the moment. The effective model study based on QCD symmetries is a practical alternative. However, the model parameters that are fixed by hadronic properties in the vacuum may have unknown dependence on the baryon chemical potential. We propose a new prescription to constrain the effective model parameters by the matching condition with the thermal Statistical Model. In the transitional region where thermal quantities blow up in the Statistical Model, deconfined quarks and gluons should smoothly take over the relevant degrees of freedom from hadrons and resonances. We use the Polyakov-loop coupled Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (PNJL) model as an effective description in the quark side and show how the matching condition is satisfied by a simple ansaetz on the Polyakov loop potential. Our results favor a phase diagram with the chiral phase transition located at slightly higher temperature than deconfinement which stays close to the chemical freeze-out points

[en] The refractive indexes and the molar volumes of molten SmCl₃ were measured by goniometry and dilatometry, respectively. The electronic polarizability of a Sm³⁺ ion was estimated from these data to be 1.14 x 10^-30m³ according to the Clausius-Mossotti equation. The correlation between the electronic polarizability of an ion and the ionic radius was also discussed. (orig.)

[en] A computer code was developed for analyzing transport of short-lived fission products released from a failed fuel in the sodium coolant. For example, the transport analysis was performed for a 100 mw(t) LMFBR. 5 refs

[en] We propose new order parameters of the chiral phase transition. An example in QCD with one massless flavor is <σ²-π²> with σ∼q-barq and π∼q-bar1γ5q. It has a discrete symmetry Z₂ unlike the case of the standard order parameter <σ>. To study its relevance to the QCD phase diagram at finite temperature and density, we adopt a three-dimensional effective Φ⁶ theory and evaluate the CJT effective potential for <σ²-π²>. We found a non-trivial meta-stable state (<σ² - π²>) ≠ 0 with <σ> = 0) around the QCD tricritical point. This state is induced by the Fock term of the CJT potential. (author)

[en] Deposition of bromine and iodine on stainless steel is a fast process; the equilibrium is attained within seconds. From clean sodium, tellurium is deposited by physical adsorption. The influence of larger amounts of sodium oxide on cold trapping of I-131, Cs-137 and Te-132 was investigated. 6 refs