[en] The fuel rod tubes are disturbed under the condition of micro-vibration when the coolant flow pasts the surface of the fuel rod tubes from the bottom to the top during the operation of nuclear reactors, which can cause the fretting wear at the contact area of the frame spring and the tube cladding, and thus radio-active products might be leaked out under certain serious conditions, which will result in the shutdown of nuclear reactors, influencing its safety. The fretting wear behavior of Zirconium alloy Zr-4 and N36 mated with Ni-based GH4169 alloy was investigated in this work. The worn surfaces were examined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and 3D Microscopy. The obtained results showed that the friction efficient increases with the load increasing, and the Zr-4/Zr-4 has the maximum friction efficient, while the GH4169/N36 has the lowest friction efficient. Meanwhile, the preliminary oxidation has great influence on the friction behavior, and the friction coefficient of the pre-oxidized samples is higher than that of the non-pre-oxidized. (author)

[en] Star products in symbolic dynamics of 1D quadri-modal maps are presented, the complexity of substitution rules is discussed besides their inherent cyclic and dual properties. Feigenbaum's metric universalities in bifurcations of period-n-tupling sequences are calculated by the new numerical method of the word-lifting technique for quadri-modal maps. It is known that symmetries of dynamic behavior are pretty different between even-modal maps and odd-modal maps, the former has central symmetric property in phase space. This paper provide a complete example to obtain star products of even-modal maps

[en] This paper is concerned with an improvement of the efficiency of the nonlinear Probabilistic Fracture Mechanics (PFM) analysis for the integrity study of structural components of nuclear power plants. The efficiency of the PFM analyses is improved by the following two methods: 1) the automatic subdivision of sampling space of initial cracks, and 2) the speedup of the Monte-Carlo algorithm. In this paper, the flow of the nonlinear PFM analyses is first described, and then the two methods are explained. Finally, the performance of the present methods is clearly demonstrated through a nonlinear PFM analysis of piping. (author)

[en] Objective: To investigate the toixc side effect on bone marrow and hepatic function of ¹³¹I-17-allylamino-17-demethoxy geldanamycin (¹³¹I-17 AAG) treatment for ovarian-cancer-bearing nude mice models. Methods: Ovarian-cancer- bearing nude mice models (n=40) were prepared with cancer cell inoculation. ¹³¹I labelled 17 AAG originally prepared in this laboratory was used intravenously for treatment at a single dose of 3 mCi in 20 models and the remain 20 models were used as controls. Rontine bllod examination (CBC, Hgb, platalet) and liver function test (ALT, AST, ALP and r-GT) were performed in these models at lwk and 2wk after treatment. Results: CBC and Hgb in the treated models were not much different from those in controls at 2wk with the exception of a higher platalet count (P<0.001). ALT and AST levels were significantly higher in the treated models than those in untreated ones at 2wk (P<0.05), while ALP and rGT levels in the treated models were not significantly different from those in controls at 2wk (P>0.05). Conclusion: Toxic side-effect of ¹³¹I-17-AAG treatment on hematologyical and hepatic function in the models was rather mild and there was a tendency toward recovery at 2wk after treatment. (authors)

[en] The generalized geometrical optics model for the detonation shock dynamics (DSD) has been incorporated into the two dimensional hydro-code WSU to form a combination code ADW for numerical simulation of explosive acceleration of metals. An analytical treatment of the coupling conditions at the nodes just behind the detonation front is proposed. The experiments on two kinds of explosive-flyer assemblies with different length/diameter ratio were carried out to verify the ADW calculations, where the tested explosive was HMX or TATB based. It is found that the combination of DSD and hydro-code can improve the calculation precision, and has advantages in larger meshes and less CPU time

[en] Ni foil is used as interlayer to join Zircaloy-4 by transient liquid phase bonding. The Zone_β→α is formed in the joints and its width increases with temperature. The formation of Zone_β→α is controlled by both bonding temperature and Ni concentration. The Zone_β→α is mainly composed of primary Zr phase and eutectic Zr(Zr₂Ni) structure. The micro-hardness of the joints mainly depends on the precipitates and the size of α-Zr phase. The non-planar bonding interfaces are developed in the joints when the bonding temperature above 960 °C. Resulting from the non-planar bonding interfaces, the maximum shear strength of the joints is 358 ± 19 MPa

[en] Energy levels, line strengths, oscillator strengths, radiative decay rates and fine structure collision strengths are presented for six-times ionized krypton (Kr VII). The atomic data are calculated with the AUTOSTRUCTURE code, where relativistic corrections are introduced according to the Breit-Pauli distorted wave approach. We present calculations of atomic data for 40 fine-structure levels generated from nine configurations ((1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d¹⁰)4s², 4lnl, n = 4, 5; l = 0, 1; and l′ ≤ 3) of the Zn-like Kr ion. Fine structure collision strengths for transitions from the ground and the first four excited levels are presented at six electron energies: 8, 15, 30, 45, 60, and 80 Ryd. Our atomic structure data are compared with the available experimental and theoretical results. (author)

[en] Objective: 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) has been developed as a novel heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitor being used in clinical trials. HSP90 is known as a molecular target for tumor therapy. The goal of this study was to investigate the inhibitive effects of ¹³¹I labeled 17-AAG on human non-small cell lung cancer in xenograft-bearing nude mice. Methods: 17-AAG was labeled with ¹³¹I. Twenty-eight BALB/c nude mice bearing H460 human non-small cell lung carcinoma tumor xenograft were randomly divided into seven groups, one control group and six treatment groups according to the route of administration (via tail vein injection or intratumoral injection) and the doses of injected radio-activity (5.5 MBq x 2 with 8 d interval, 11.0 MBq and 5.5 MBq). Two additional mice were treated with intratumoral injection of Na¹³¹I solution that was served as seintigraphic imaging controls. In each group two mice underwent scintigraphy at 2 h, 6 h, 24 h, 2 d, 3 d, 7 d, 10 d and 16 d. After 16 d the tumor inhibition rate was calculated. Then all of the mice were sacrificed and the tumor tissues were obtained for histological examination and immunohistochemical assay. Results: Persistent accumulation of ¹³¹I-17-AAG in the tumors was seen on seintigraphic images. Tumor inhibiting effect was demonstrated in all treatment groups with varying degrees. The highest tumor inhibition rate (86.77 ± 4.57)% was shown in the group with interval intratumoral injection (5.5 MBq x 2). There was no significant difference of tumor inhibition rates between 5.5 MBq x 2 group (via tail vein injection) and 11.0 MBq group( via tail vein injection, q=1.67, P>0.05). While among the other treatment groups, there was significant difference in tumor inhibition rates( q=3.16-24.34, all P<0.05). The morphologic changes paralleled with the tumor inhibition rates. Tumor cell HSP90α antigen expression rate was significantly lower in the intratumoral injection groups (26.01 ± 3.71)% and in tail vein injection groups (61.51 ± 5.98)% than that of control group (84.13 ± 5.71, t=20.91 and 6.68, all P<0.05). Conclusions: ¹³¹I-17-AAG may effectively inhibit the tumor growth and expression of HSP90α antigen expression in non-small cell lung cancer bearing nude mice. The more prominent anti-tumor effect may be obtained by the administration of interval intratumoral injection. (authors)

[en] Objective: The aims of the study were to find out the optimal ¹³¹I labeling method with 17-allylamino, 17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) and also to study its biodistribution in animals. Methods: ¹³¹I-17-AAG was prepared by the reaction of 17-AAG with Na¹³¹I in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The labeling efficiency and the stability of ¹³¹I-17-AAG were measured by paper chromatograph. The biodistribution in the ICR normal mice was observed by the blood samplings and major organs that were taken out from mice at 0.5, 1, 4, 8, 24 h after ¹³¹I-17-AAG injection through tail veins. VX2 tumor was also implanted in rabbit liver for in vivo imaging with SPECT. Results: The optimal labeling conditions of 17-AAG with mi were determined. The labeling efficiency was 85.65%. The radiochemical purity of ¹³¹I- 17-AAG in acetoacetate solution was (96.51 ± 0.80)% after purification and its radiochemical purity in normal saline solution was (95.57 ± 0.09)%. The radiochemical purity could keep to 90% in normal saline after 5 d at 4 degree C. The biodistribution study in normal mice showed that the uptake (percentage activity of injection dose per gram of tissue, % ID/g) in liver and kidney was less than that in cholecyst [(3.0963 ± 1.3394) %ID/g] at 0.5 h post-injection, and the uptake in stomach and intestine reached to the highest level at 4 h post-injection. The SPECT images showed that the ¹³¹I-17-AAG was obviously concentrated in the tumor after injection at 2 h and 4 d, 6 d, 14 d with the highest tumor to non-tumor (T/NT) radioactivity ratio of 10.36. Conclusions: The labeling method of 17-AAG with ¹³¹I was successfully established. The ¹³¹I-17-AAG in normal saline had a good stability. The main biodistribution in mice was in digestive system and was excreted through the intestinal tract. The SPECT images showed that ¹³¹I-17-AAG might be a potential target-directed agent to the tumor. (authors)

[en] Objective: To evaluate the differential diagnostic significance of determination of CK19 mRNA contents in the effusion fluid in malignant and benign hydrothorax. Methods: Pleural effusion fluid CK19 mRNA contents was examined with RT-PCR in 43 cases of malignant hydrothorax nd 57 cases of benign hydrothorax. Results: In the patients with malignant hydrothorax, positive rate of CK19 mRNA in pleural effusion fluid was significantly higher than that patients with benign hydrothorax (P < 0.005). The sensitivity of CK19 mRNA detection was 90.7%, the specificity was 70. 2% and the accuracy of CK19 mRNA detection was 70.2%. Conclusion: Detection of CK19 mRNA in pleural effusion fluid could be a promising method for differential diagnosis of benign from malignant cases. (authors)