[en] Modified quark fragmentation functions in deeply inelastic eA collisions and their QCD evolution equations are derived for the first time in the framework of multiple parton scattering. Induced radiation gives rise to additional terms in the evolution equations and thus softens the modified quark fragmentation functions. The results in the next-leading-twist depend on both diagonal and off-diagonal twist-four parton distributions and the combination of which clearly manifests the LPM interference pattern. The predicted modification depends quadratically on the nuclear size (A^2/3 ). Generalization to the case of hot QCD medium is also discussed

[en] Multiple parton scattering and induced parton energy loss are studied in deeply inelastic scattering (DIS) off nuclei. The effect of multiple scattering of a highly off-shell quark and the induced parton energy loss is expressed in terms of the modification to the quark fragmentation functions. We derive such modified quark fragmentation functions and their QCD evolution equations in DIS using the generalized factorization of higher twist parton distributions. We consider double-hard and hard-soft parton scattering as well as their interferences in the same framework. The final result, which depends on both the diagonal and off-diagonal twist-four parton distributions in nuclei, demonstrates clearly the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal interference features and predicts a unique nuclear modification of the quark fragmentation functions

[en] Using an on-line solution-reaction isoperibol calorimeter, the standard molar enthalpies of reaction for the general thermochemical reaction: LnCl₃·6H₂O(s) + 2C₉H₇NO(s) + CH₃COONa(s) Ln(C₉H₆NO)₂(C₂H₃O₂)(s) + NaCl(s) + 2HCl(g) + 6H₂O(l) (Ln: Nd, Sm), were determined at T=298.15 K, as -(56.9±1.4) and-(67.9±1.5) kJ mol^-l, respectively. From the mentioned standard molar enthalpies of reaction and other auxiliary thermodynamic quantities, the standard molar enthalpies of formation of Ln(C₉H₆NO)₂(C₂H₃O₂)(s) (Ln: Nd, Sm), at T=298.15 K, have been derived to be: -(1494.7±3.3) and -(1501.5±3.4) kJ mol^-l, respectively

[en] Pulmonary embolism is caused by a blockage of the main pulmonary artery or one of its branches by endogenous or exogenous embolus, and includes a series of clinical, physiological and pathological symptoms with high morbidity. Computed tomography (CT) and nuclear medicine are the two most commonly imaging techniques used to diagnose pulmonary embolism in clinical setting. With the constantly updating of compute software and hardware, the applications of the two techniques are also in progress. We reviewed the progress of CT and nuclear medicine on pulmonary embolism diagnosis and compared the advantages and disadvantages among various diagnostic methods to provide a reference for clinical selection of proper diagnosis method. (authors)

[en] We show that the conventionally defined partonic cross section for the production of isolated prompt photons is not an infrared safe quantity. We work out the case of e⁺e^- → γ + Χ, and discuss implications for hadron reactions

[en] Introduction: Retrieval and repositioning of a stent deployed beyond its intended target region may be a difficult technical challenge. Materials and Methods: A balloon-mounted snare technique, a variant of the coaxial loop snare technique, is described. Results: The technique is described for the repositioning of a covered transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt stent and a covered biliary stent. Conclusion: The balloon-mounted snare technique is a useful technique for retrieval of migrated stents.

[en] The coupling cavity theory is used to analyze the impact of high side mode suppression ratio (SMSR) on fiber grating external cavity semiconductor lasers (FGECSL). The high SMSR and high stable frequency FGECSLs were obtained by experiment. The center wavelength is 974 nm, SMSR is 45 dB, the center wavelength change rate reaches 3.08 ppm/°C in the temperature range of −20 to 80 °C. (semiconductor devices)

[en] Erbium ytterbium co-doped super-fluorescent fiber source (EYD-SFS) has been simulated by a theoretical model based on rate equations and power transfer equations. The output performances of four basic structures of EYD-SFS have been expressed, and it indicated that the DPF structure is a preferable structure. The dependence of output power, mean wavelength and bandwidth stability on the pump fiber length and the concentration of Er"3"+ and Yb"3"+ have also been studied. The results indicated with a proper doping concentration of Er"3"+ and Yb"3"+ of 6.0 × 10"2"6 ions/m"3 and 1.0 × 10"2"7 ions/m"3, the optimal gain fiber length is 3.6 cm. In this condition, good performances of DPF structure of EYD-SFS have been achieved. (paper)

[en] Based on the Arrhenius model, a rapid evaluation method for an infrared diode's normal lifetime is proposed, and the theoretical model is constructed. Accelerated life testing of an infrared light-emitting diode (IRLED), which takes less time than usual, is carried out under temperature and electric current stress. Using this method, the activation energy and the IRLED's normal lifetime are calculated and analyzed. (semiconductor devices)

[en] Light source modules are the most crucial and fragile devices that affect the life and reliability of the interferometric fiber optic gyroscope (IFOG). While the light emitting chips were stable in most cases, the module packaging proved to be less satisfactory. In long-term storage or the working environment, the ambient temperature changes constantly and thus the packaging and coupling performance of light source modules are more likely to degrade slowly due to different materials with different coefficients of thermal expansion in the bonding interface. A constant temperature accelerated life test cannot evaluate the impact of temperature variation on the performance of a module package, so the temperature cycling accelerated life test was studied. The main failure mechanism affecting light source modules is package failure due to solder fatigue failure including a fiber coupling shift, loss of cooling efficiency and thermal resistor degradation, so the Norris-Landzberg model was used to model solder fatigue life and determine the activation energy related to solder fatigue failure mechanism. By analyzing the test data, activation energy was determined and then the mean life of light source modules in different storage environments with a continuously changing temperature was simulated, which has provided direct reference data for the storage life prediction of IFOG. (semiconductor devices)