[en] In this paper, the effects of the fitting parameter ΔE₀ on the structural determinations in the EXAFS structural study of amorphous alloys have been discussed through the model calculations. The results show that the cancellation of the fitting parameter ΔE₀ can increase the reliability of the data analysis in the EXAFS structural study of amorphous alloys

[en] High T_c superconductivity has been observed both resistively and magnetically in the new U(Th)-Y-Ba-Cu-O systems. The zero resistance temperature of the three samples with nominal composition of U_0.1 Y_1.1 Ba_0.8 Cu O_4-z, U_0.15 Y_1.05 Ba_0.8 Cu_4-z and Th_0.3 Y_0.8 Ba_0.8 Cu_4-z is 87K, 79K and 74K, respectively. The result of ac magnetic susceptibility measurement implies that the superconducting state is realized in the U-doped samples below 90K. The stoichimetry of the U-Y-Ba-Cu_O superconductors has the aid of Rutherford backscattering and nuclear reaction ¹⁶O(d, p)¹⁷O. The analytical results show that the 'real composition' of somples may be different from that of the nomial composition. The X ray diffraction analysis of the U-Y-Ba-Cu-O system shows that none of the peaks can be fitted to the uranium oxides and the other raw materiale structure, and its pattern may be attributed to new multiple phases with structure different from the known singlephase superconducting oxides

[en] High-energy ion backscattering can be used to enhance the sensitivity of oxygen analysis. At a He⁺⁺ ion energy of 8.8 MeV, the yield due to oxygen is about 25 times larger than that predicted by the Rutherford formula. The elemental stoichiometry of some bulk and thin-film superconductor samples was determined. The details of the measuring method are described. (orig.)

[en] A novel high mobility transparent conductive oxide thin film, tungsten-doped indium oxide (IWO), has been successfully grown on conventional glass substrates by reactive direct current magnetron sputtering technique from a metallic target. Analyses of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction reveal that tetravalent and hexavalent tungsten ions substitute for trivalent host indium ions without changing the crystalline structure of In₂O₃. IWO thin films were grown with resistivity of 4.4x10^-4 Ω cm, carrier mobility of 52.8 cm² V^-1 S^-1; transmittance exceeding 80% at wavelengths between 380 and 900 nm, and average roughness of 7.5 nm

[en] The experimental progress of a laser-driven Cs₃Sb photocathodes is reported. The cathodes prepared in an UHV system can be used to generate short-pulsed, high-brightness electron beams. Emission properties are tested under a 50-200 ns pulsed Xe⁺ laser illumination. The quantum efficiency in the range of 2-5.6% and current density of 108 A/cm² are obtained. A brightness of 1.85x10⁹ A/m² rad² is also measured. Mass analysis and other methods have been used for investigating the plasma formation when laser intensity rises above the 'break-down' threshold. The current density increases rapidly during the plasma electron emission, but the pulse width of the emission is enlarged, and the brightness is limited. It is observed that the plasma is just composed of cesium and antimony atoms from the cathode rather than adsorbed residual gases. (orig.)