[en] 

Background

With the improvement in the survival of breast cancer, developing second primary malignancy becomes a serious health issue. The aim of this study was to explore the survival of breast cancer patients with second primary malignancy, and to evaluate the impact of chemotherapy on the risk of different cancer sites.

Method

Obtaining data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, we calculated the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) for second primary malignancy in breast cancer survivors between 2000 and 2014. Overall survival and cancer-specific survival were analyzed with Kaplan–Meier method. Then, we further conducted stratified sub-analyses according to chemotherapy.

Results

The overall risk of second primary cancer for all sites was significantly elevated in breast cancer patients (SIR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.14–1.16). Overall survival and cancer-specific survival of the patients with breast cancer only were significantly better than the patients with multiple primary cancers (both P < 0.001). Chemotherapy was associated with increased incidences for all sites, except lymphoma, myeloma, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (SIR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.72–0.88; SIR = 0.85, 95% CI 0.71–1.01; SIR = 0.57, 95% CI 0.43–0.74, respectively). The risk for developing second acute myeloid leukemia after chemotherapy in breast cancer patients varied with age and latency.

Conclusion

Female breast cancer patients showed higher incidence of second primary malignancy, which was associated with poorer prognosis. Chemotherapy benefits should be weighed against the risks of second primary malignancy.

[en] The response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been proven to predict long-term clinical benefits for patients. Our research is to construct a nomogram to predict pathological complete response of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative breast cancer patients. We enrolled 815 patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy from 2003 to 2015 and divided them into a training set and a validation set. Univariate logistic regression was performed to screen for predictors and construct the nomogram; multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify independent predictors. After performing the univariate logistic regression analysis in the training set, tumor size, hormone receptor status, regimens of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy were the final predictors for the construction of the nomogram. The multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that T4 status, hormone receptor status and receiving regimen of paclitaxel and carboplatin were independent predictors of pathological complete response. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the training set and the validation set was 0.779 and 0.701, respectively. We constructed and validated a nomogram to predict pathological complete response in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative breast cancer patients. We also identified tumor size, hormone receptor status and paclitaxel and carboplatin regimen as independent predictors of pathological complete response. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2652-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users

[en] The complete analysis of CP violation in the process γγ → tt-bar in the framework of the minimal supersymmetric model is presented. The CP-odd observables for describing the CP violating effects in polarized and unpolarized photon collisions, are calculated. We investigate the possible CP violation sources induced by the complex soft breaking parameters and study the CP violating effects contributed by gluino, neutralino and chargino sectors appearing in the loop diagrams. We find that it is possible to observe CP violating effects in top-quark pair production via polarized and unpolarized photon fusions by using optimal observables and favourable parameters. (author)

[en] We present the detailed analytical and numerical investigations of the one-loop radiative corrections of all quarks and their supersymmetric partners in the MSSM to the lightest chargino pair production via γγ fusion at the future NLC. The numerical results show that the cross sections of the subprocess and the parent process are typically enhanced by several per cent compared with the results at the lowest order, and these corrections are mainly contributed by the virtual quarks and squarks of the third generation. Furthermore, we studied the effects induced by the CP-violating complex phases stemming from squark and chargino mass matrices in the MSSM at one-loop level. We find that the radiative corrections are related to all the three CP-violating complex phases φ_t,b and φ^_μ. We conclude that the precise measurement of the cross section and the experimental determination of the parameters φ_μ and φ_t,b are crucial in searching for SUSY signals. (author)

[en] The alleged benefit of early placement of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) in patients with cirrhosis and acute variceal bleeding (AVB) remains controversial. This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the therapeutic effect of early TIPS on cirrhotic patients with AVB. MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched for relevant literatures. Data from included studies were extracted, and random-effects meta-analyses were performed. Three randomized control trials and six observational studies involving 2878 participants were included. Compared with those undergoing standard treatment, patients undergoing early TIPS had a significantly lower all-cause mortality (RR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.52-0.79). Furthermore, early TIPS was associated with a significantly reduced incidence of failure to control bleeding (RR, 0.15; 95% CI, 0.07-0.29) and rebleeding (RR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.23-0.71), without increasing the risk of hepatic encephalopathy (RR, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.92-1.38). In a stratification analysis based on Child-Pugh classification, the survival benefit was observed in Child-Pugh B patients with active bleeding (RR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.31-0.93) and Child-Pugh C patients (RR 0.55, 95% CI, 0.37-0.82), but not in low-risk patients (Child-Pugh A and Child-Pugh B without active bleeding) (RR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.55-1.57). Early TIPS is a feasible therapeutic option for cirrhotic patients with AVB, especially benefiting high-risk patients in terms of improved survival. Given the current low utilization rate in clinical practice, this study favors the placement of early TIPS in a wider range of patients with cirrhosis and AVB, especially high-risk patients.