[en] Findings of planar and single photon emission CT (SPECT) using Ga-67 and T1-201 were compared with pathologic findings after thoracotomy in 21 patients with proved primary lung cancer. The sensitivity of primary lesion accumulation was 47% with Ga-67 SPECT, and 100% with T1-201. For detection of hilar nodal involvement, T1-201 SPECT showed a sensitivity and a specificity of 100%. In mediastinal staging, T1-201 SPECT had 100% sensitivity and 80% specificity. These values were higher than those for Ga-67. For evaluation of the primary lesion and lymph node metastases, T1-201 SPECT proved superior to T1-201 planar, Ga-67 planar, and Ga-67 SPECT

[en] Annular transition in a rod bundle is interesting because small gaps exist between rods in the flow area. This is a very important phenomenon in a boiloff accident of a nuclear reactor core. This paper reports, as a first attempt, the effect of small gaps in the flow area was studied by using vertical rectangular ducts with different narrow gaps (2 x 100, 5 x 100, 10 x 100 mm). Based on the experimental results, the transition void fraction was defined and a transition model is proposed. The model gives a good prediction for a wide range of previous experiments including the data taken in channels with small gaps

[en] Threshold voltages for ion implanted GaAs MESFETs are measured and shown to be in good agreement with calculated results. The effect of implantation energy on threshold voltage is discussed. The optimum implantation energy is about 45 approximately equal to 60 keV. (author)

[en] Thermal stability of horizontal Bridgman-grown (HB) Cr-doped semi-insulating GaAs is characterized systematically by leakage current measurement. Electrical characteristics for a Si-ion implanted n-layers on GaAs were evaluated by Hall and C-V measurements. The threshold voltage uniformity for MESFETs fabricated on implanted n-layer was also discussed. Not only the leakage current of annealed wafers but also the electrical properties of the ion implanted n-layers have a close correlation with the Cr concentration in the bulk GaAs. The uniformity of the ion implanted n-layer was degraded by the Cr concentration variations in the wafer. In addition to uniformity, mobility data, which show lower values for HB crystals than for undoped LEC crystal, imply the importance of high purity GaAs semi-insulating LEC crystal. (author) (author)

[en] We report the discovery of new superconducting and novel magnetic phases in CeIn₃ on the verge of antiferromagnetism (AFM) under pressure (P) through the In-nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) measurements. We have found a P-induced phase separation of AFM and paramagnetism (PM) without any trace of a quantum phase transition in CeIn₃. A new type of superconductivity (SC) was found, under P=2.28-2.5 GPa, to coexist with AFM. It is magnetically separated from PM where the heavy fermion SC takes place. We propose that the magnetic excitations such as spin-density fluctuations induced by the first-order magnetic phase transition might mediate attractive interaction to form Cooper pairs. (author)

[en] We report ¹¹⁵In nuclear-quadrupole-resonance (NQR) measurements of the pressure (P)-induced superconductor CeRhIn₅ in the antiferromagnetic (AF) and superconducting (SC) states. In the AF region, the internal field H_int at the In site is substantially reduced from H_int=1.75kOe at P=0 to 0.39 kOe at P=1.23GPa, while the Neel temperature slightly changes with increasing P. This suggests that either the size in the ordered moment M_Q(P) or the angle θ(P) between the direction of M_Q(P) and the tetragonal c axis is extrapolated to zero at P^*=1.6±0.1GPa at which a bulk SC transition is no longer emergent. In the SC state at P=2.1GPa, the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate ¹¹⁵(1/T₁) has revealed a T³ dependence without the coherence peak just below T_c, giving evidence for the unconventional superconductivity. The dimensionality of the magnetic fluctuations in the normal state is also discussed

[en] Contamination of agricultural soil by fecal pathogenic bacteria poses a potential risk of infection to humans. For the biosafety control of field soil, soil solarization in an upland field was examined to determine the efficiency of solarization on the inactivation of Escherichia coli inoculated into soil as a model microorganism for human pathogenic bacteria. Soil solarization, carried out by sprinkling water and covering the soil surface with thin plastic sheets, greatly increased the soil temperature. The daily average temperature of the solarized soil was 4–10°C higher than that of the non-solarized soil and fluctuated between 31 and 38°C. The daily highest temperature reached more than 40°C for 8 days in total in the solarized soil during the second and third weeks of the experiment. Escherichia coli in the solarized soil became undetectable (< 0.08 c.f.u. g⁻¹ dry soil) within 4 weeks as a result, whereas E. coli survived for more than 6 weeks in the non-solarized soil. Soil solarization, however, had little influence on the total direct count and total viable count of bacteria in the soil. These results indicate that soil solarization would be useful for the biosafety control of soil contaminated by human pathogens via immature compost or animal feces. (author)

[en] We report a study on the interplay between antiferromagnetism (AFM) and superconductivity (SC) in CeRhIn₅ under pressure P=1.75 GPa. The onset of the magnetic order is evidenced from a clear split of ¹¹⁵In-NQR spectrum due to the spontaneous internal field below T_N=2.5 K. Simultaneously, bulk SC is demonstrated by the observation of the Meissner diamagnetism signal whose size is the same as in the exclusively superconducting phase. These results indicate that the AFM coexists homogeneously with the SC at a microscopic level

[en] We report Cu-NQR results under pressure on heavy-fermion (HF) superconductor CeCu₂Si₂ close to a magnetic phase, Ce_0.99Cu_2.02Si₂ and CeCu₂(Si_0.98Ge_0.02)₂. It is found that an application of a minute pressure exceeding 0.3 GPa markedly suppresses low-energy magnetic fluctuations observed at ambient pressure (P=0) in Ce_0.99Cu_2.02Si₂. Correspondingly, anomalous superconducting (SC) characteristics evolve into conventional HF-SC ones with increasing pressure. In the latter, the Ge substitution works as a negative chemical pressure. CeCu₂(Si_0.98Ge_0.02)₂ reveals a magnetic phase transition at T_N=0.75 K followed by the SC phase transition at T_c∼0.4 K at P=0. It is suggested experimentally that the magnetic fluctuations seen in Ce_0.99Cu_2.02Si₂ at P=0 possesses a quantum critical character of both SC and magnetically ordered states

[en] We report systematic evolution of superconducting (SC) characteristic of heavy-fermion superconductor CeCoIn₅ via the nuclear-quadrupole-resonance (NQR) measurement under pressure (P). The temperature dependence of nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate (1/T₁) below T_C has revealed that once the value of SC energy gap (2Δ₀/k_BT_C) slightly increases in P<0.45 GPa, with further increasing P, it decreases significantly. By contrast, T_C increases monotonously up to 2.6 K as P increases up to 1 GPa, exhibiting a saturation in P=1.0-1.5 GPa