[en] Experiments of multi-photon entanglement have been performed by several groups. Obviously, an increase on the photon number for fidelity estimation and quantum state tomography causes a dramatic increase in the elements of the positive operator valued measures (POVMs), which results in a great consumption of time in measurements. In practice, we wish to obtain a good estimation of fidelity and quantum states through as few measurements as possible for multi-photon entanglement. Phaselift provides such a chance to estimate fidelity for entangling states based on less data. In this paper, we would like to show how the Phaselift works for six qubits in comparison to the data given by Pan’s group, i.e., we use a fraction of the data as input to estimate the rest of the data through the obtained density matrix, and thus goes beyond the simple fidelity analysis. The fidelity bound is also provided for general Schrödinger Cat state. Based on the fidelity bound, we propose an optimal measurement approach which could both reduce the copies and keep the fidelity bound gap small. The results demonstrate that the Phaselift can help decrease the measured elements of POVMs for six qubits. Our conclusion is based on the prior knowledge that a pure state is the target state prepared by experiments

[en] The microstructure and mechanical properties of the extruded Mg_95.5Y₃Zn_1.5 alloy under different heat treatment were systematically investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and an electronic universal testing machine. The results show that the as-extruded alloy is composed of 18R LPSO stripes and α-Mg matrix with stacking faults (SFs) in it. The fine 14H LPSO lamellas are formed in α-Mg matrix near the areas of SFs during solution treatment at 500 °C for 8 h. A great number of fine β′ phases are precipitated in the α-Mg matrix of T6-treated (aging of the T4-treated alloy at 225 °C for 24 h) and T5-treated (aging of the as-extruded alloy at 225 °C for 32 h) alloys. Moreover, the SFs which were first observed in extruded alloy are retained in T5-staged specimen, and exhibit a cross arrangement with β′ precipitates. The absence of 14H LPSO phase in T5-treated alloy indicates that the 14H structure cannot be formed during aging at 225 °C. Tensile tests reveal that the presence of 14H lamellas improves the ductility of the alloy, but decreases the strength, suggesting that the 18R LPSO stripes are more effective in strengthening the alloy than 14H LPSO lamellas. The T6-staged alloy exhibits superior comprehensive mechanical properties with ultimate tensile strength of 358 MPa, tensile yield strength of 226 MPa and elongation of 6.1% at room temperature

[en] Graphical abstract: Schematic diagram of nanographene-based sensor detection of cadmium ions by stripping analysis. - Highlights: • A nanocomposite based on nanographene and Nafion is used as a platform for cadmium detection. • The performance of the nanographene-based sensor was compared with that of MWCNT. • It indicated that the nanographene-based sensor possessed significant advantages over MWCNT. • The nanographene-based sensor proved to be a reliable tool for rapid detection of cadmium. - Abstract: A novel nanocomposite was obtained through the controlled surface modification of graphene nanosheets (nanographene) with Nafion by ultrasonic oscillation. The composite was used as an ultrasensitive platform for the detection of cadmium ions (Cd²⁺) by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV) analysis. The performance of the nanographene-based sensor was systematically compared with that of a multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-modified sensor. The results indicate that the nanographene-based sensor exhibits significant advantages over the MWCNT-based sensor in terms of repeatability, sensitivity and limit of detection (LOD). The nanographene-based sensor displayed superior analytical performance over a linear range of Cd²⁺ concentrations from 0.25 μg L⁻¹ to 5 μg L⁻¹, with a LOD of 3.5 ng L⁻¹. This sensor was also used to systematically screen for 6 types of chemicals, including sodium salts, magnesium salts and zinc salts. It was observed that the sensor could successfully differentiate cadmium ions from interferents (magnesium salts, zinc salts, etc.). The nanographene-based sensor was also demonstrated to be a promising and reliable tool for the rapid detection of cadmium existing in tap water and for the rapid on-site analysis of critical pollution levels of cadmium

[en] The dependence on the properties of the effective interaction of the energies of and excitation strengths to magnetic dipole states in open shell nuclei is studied. In particular the single j-shell for ⁴⁸Ti is used as an example. In this case there are two 1⁺ states with isospin T=2 and one with isospin T=3. The conditions for having a strong low-lying collective 1⁺ state are examined. Focus is also given on the excitation strength to the analog T=3 state since this is of relevance also to β⁺ Gamow-Teller reactions and to double beta decay. It is found that in the rotational limit there is no strength to the T=3 state and there is an overly strong low-lying 1⁺ T=2 state. This is almost also true for quadrupole-quadrupole interaction. At the other extreme, as shown by Halse, with a pairing interaction all the strength goes to the T=3 state. Other interactions considered are pairing plus quadrupole, spin-dependent delta and Kuo-Brown bare and renormalized, and matrix elements taken from the spectrum of ⁴²Sc. It is found that the β⁺ strength can be reduced either by making the two-body J=2T=1 matrix element of J=1 T=0 matrix element more attractive, just as was shown by others in heavier nuclei. However such parameter changes have effects on other properties of the 1⁺ spectrum which can serve as indicators as to whether or not these changes are justified. (orig.)

[en] Highlights: • GO films were deposited on substrates using LB method and reduced into rGO at 800 °C. • The PL of GO and rGO showed the near-UV blue emission. • This blue shift and decrease in PL was due to the newly formed sp"2 clusters in rGO. - Abstract: The paper reports a study on a near-UV blue photoluminescence (PL) in graphene oxide (GO) films prepared by Langmuir–Blodgett (LB)-based method. GO films was reduced into reduced-graphene oxide (rGO) through thermal process at 800 °C. The surface morphology of both GO and rGO is characterized by atomic force microscope (AFM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis shows the largely restoration of graphitic domains in GO after reduction. The photoluminescence (PL) of rGO shows the near-UV blue emission, which is blueshifted along with luminescent decreased as compared to GO. This blueshift and decrease in PL is mainly due to the newly formed sp"2 clusters in rGO, which established percolation pathways between the sp"2 clusters already present

[en] The physical model of alloy molten pool is built by fluent in this paper, in which there are different kinds of electron beam graphics (included line, circle, double circle, whorland so on). The energy source based on electron beam graphics is put into fluent by the User Defined Function (UDF). The result of simulation inclued temperature field, flow field, the size of molten pool, the heat temperature area. Electron Beam will melt and evaporate alloy according to this paper. (authors)

[en] Highlights: • The action mechanism of Mg to the synthesis of spherical BN was explored. • The influence of Mg content on the crystallinity of h-BN powders was studied. • Even if not added any template, the spherical h-BN could be prepared. - Abstract: This search used the boric acid and borax as a source of boron, urea as a nitrogen source, Mg as metal catalyst, and thus prepared different micro-morphology and crystallinity hexagonal boron nitride powders under a flowing ammonia atmosphere at a nitriding temperature of 750 °C. The effect of Mg content on the crystallinity and micro-morphology of hexagonal boron nitride powders was studied, and the Mg action mechanism was explored. Without the added surfactant, the graphitization index (GI) was 6.87, and the diameter of the spherical h-BN was bigger. When the added Mg were 0.1 g, 0.3 g, 0.5 g and 0.7 g, the (GI) decreased to 6.04, 5.67, 4.62 and 4.84, respectively. When the Mg content was higher (0.9 g), GI value increased rapidly, and the crystallinity became bad. When the Mg content was 0.5 g, the dispersion of h-BN powders was at its optimum and refinement apparently, and the crystallinity at its highest

[en] Highlights: • The high-adsorption, spherical, hexagonal boron nitride powders were prepared. • The influence mechanism of template content on the micro-morphology and adsorption was explored. • At appropriate synthesis temperature, higher adsorption mesoporous spheres h-BN began to form. - Abstract: This research used low-cost boric acid and borax as a source of boron, urea as a nitrogen source, dodecyl-trimethyl ammonium chloride (DTAC) as a template, and thus prepared different micro-morphology hexagonal boron nitride powders under a flowing ammonia atmosphere at different nitriding temperatures. The effects of the template content and nitriding temperature on the micro-morphology of hexagonal boron nitride were studied and the formation mechanism analysed. The influences of the template content and nitriding temperature on adsorption performance were also explored. The results showed that at a nitriding temperature of 675 °C, the micro-morphologies of h-BN powder were orderly, inhomogeneous spherical, uniform spherical, beam, and pie-like with increasing template content. The micro-morphology was inhomogeneous spherical at a DTAC dose of 7.5%. The micro-morphology was uniform spherical at a DTAC dose of 10%. At a DTAC dose of 12%, the micro-morphology was a mixture of beam and pie-like shapes. At a certain template content (DTAC at 10%) and at lower nitriding temperatures (625 °C and 650 °C), spherical shell structures with surface subsidence began to form. The porous spheres would appear at a nitriding temperature of 675 °C, and the ball diameter thus formed was approximately 500–600 nm. The ball diameter was about 600–700 nm when the nitriding temperature was 700 °C. At a nitriding temperature of 725 °C, the ball diameter was between 800 and 1000 nm and sintering necking started to form. When the relative pressure was higher, previously closed pores opened and connected with the outside world: the adsorption then increased significantly. The adsorption increased gradually with increased nitriding temperature, and the adsorption was maximised at 276.02 cm"3/g under nitrogen at 675 °C. The adsorption decreased when the nitriding temperature continued to increase to between 700 °C and 725 °C)

[en] The modification by irradiated materials plays an important role in preparation and designation of new materials. This paper research on the different gamma-rays in the transport properties of titanium dioxide rutile with the Monte Caro program MCNP5, energy and spatial distribution characteristics of electrons and positrons produced by gamma-rays are obtained in theory. Using the Monte Carlo assisted Classical Method (MCCM) algorithm, we calculate the Ti and O displacement per atom cross section and demonstrate that energy which displaced the Ti atom with the irradiation of gamma-rays is 2.34 MeV at least and O atom corresponding to 1.1 MeV. Simultaneously, displaced per atom of electron and positron induced by gamma-rays implement numerical computations in the simulation process and the results show that dpa depth profile in Ti0₂ increase first and then decrease and corresponding peak value is 1.2 mm or so in the condition of sample of 10 mm × 10 mm × 1.5 mm and flux of 2 × 10⁷/cm². As the energy increase, the displacement damage induced by positron gradually increase which only contain 0.11% in the energy 2 MeV, however its quantity reach 16% of total dpa and total dpa number is 2.5% of the total number of atoms in the energy 10 MeV. (authors)

[en] Highlights: • The composites of polyaniline nanofiber and large mesoporous carbon were prepared for supercapacitors. • The large mesoporous carbons were simply prepared by nano-CaCO_3 template method. • The composites exhibit high capacitance and good rate capability and cycle stability. - Abstract: A composite of polyaniline nanofiber/large mesoporous carbon (PANI-F/LMC) hybrid was prepared by an in situ chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline monomer with nano-CaCO_3 templated LMC as host matrix for supercapacitors. The morphology, composition and electronic structure of the composites (PANI-F/LMC) together with pure PANI nanofibers and the LMC were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), FT-IR, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It is found that the PANI nanofibers were incorporated into the large mesochannels of LMC with interpenetrating framework formed. Such unique structure endows the PANI-F/LMC composite with a high capacitance of 473 F g"−"1 at a current load of 0.1 A g"−"1 with good rate performance and cycling stability, suggesting its potential application in the electrode material for supercapacitors