[en] In an experimental set up, the main function of the ''CALI system'' is to achieve ''coincidence'' between logic channels. This system also provides a fast selection of the events and their identification by a digital word, and the connection to the data acquisition system

[en] This document presents the principles and the characteristics of the gaseous ionisation detectors used in position and timing measurements. The first two parts recall the main notions (electron and ion motions, gaseous amplification, signal formation) and their applications to the proportional counter and the wire chamber. The explanation of the signal formation makes use of the Ramo theorem. The third part is devoted to the different types of wire chambers: drift or cathode strip chambers, TPC (time projection chamber). Some aspects on construction and ageing are also presented. Part 4 is on the detectors in which the multiplication is performed by a 'Parallel Plate' system (PPAC, Pestov counter). Special attention is paid to the RPCs (Resistive Plate Chambers) and their timing resolutions. Part 5 concentrates on 'Micro-pattern detectors' which use different kinds of microstructure for gaseous amplification. The new detectors MICROMEGAS, CAT (compteur a trous) and GEM (gas electron multiplier) and some of their applications are presented. The last part is a bibliography including some comments on the documents. (author)

[en] A constant fraction discriminator used with channel plate electron multipliers (CPEM) provides extremely good time resolution, yet it has a simple design and does not need delicate adjustement. For the detection of secondary electrons produced by the scattering of ²⁵²Cf fission fragments in a carbon foil, a resolution of 65ps can be achieved. The same type of discriminator can be used in systems employing fast photomultiplier tubes

No abstract available

[en] A versatile fast coincidence system has been studied for experiments using several detectors. In this system, all the coincidence events are produced with an associated code, and thus, different kinds of events can be processed with the same experimental set-up. Also, the classification of the logical pulses gives the possibility of using a large number of ways (30 in this system). The setting of the system is very simple: there are only two time windows to adjust. (Auth.)

[en] A constant fraction discriminator used with channel plate electron multipliers (CPEM) provides extremely good time resolution, yet it has a simple design and does not need delicate adjustment. The results obtained depend on the type of CPEM apparatus which is used. For electron detection (β conversion electrons) a resolution of 300 ps can be achieved for a system using two discriminators and two pairs of channel plate multipliers. For a similar double system this resolution becomes 65 ps for the detection of secondary electrons produced by the scattering of ²⁵²Cf fission fragments in a carbon foil. The same type of discriminator can be used in systems employing fast photomultiplier tubes. (Auth.)

[en] During the year 1985, an audiovisual document (diaporama) has been realized on Ganil. This diaporama with four slide-projectors, which lasts 12 minutes is permanently set in a conference room at Ganil. Two video sequences have been realized, coming from this diaporama, on experimentation in nuclear physics on the operation principle of the cyclotrons

[en] Introduction of a third detector in a time-of-flight spectrometer permits the measurement of the intrinsic time resolution of each detector. This method is tested with a ²¹²Pb source and the curve of the time resolution of a solid state detector (SSD) vs the energy of alpha particles (from 2 to 8 MeV) and the curve of the time resolution of a thin scintillator foil detector (TFD) as a function of the energy loss of the α-particles in the TFD or the number of photoelectrons created are obtained. It is concluded that the time resolution of the SSD is a function of 1/√E (E = energy of the α-particles in the SSD, from 2 to 8 MeV) and that of the TFD is dependent on the time characteristics of the scintillator and the number of photoelectrons created. Further, this experiment leads to the conclusion that to get the best time resolution with a TFD, SSD spectrometer, one should use the thickest possible scintillator foil. This was verified in a heavy ion reaction (⁴⁰Ar+¹⁹⁷Au at 220 MeV) with elastically scattered ⁴⁰Ar. A resolution of 200 ps was obtained with a Ne 111 foil of 300 μg/cm². It was, thus, possible to separate the masses of the reaction products up to 60 amu in the same reaction. (Auth.)

[en] The INDRA multidetector is composed of 96 ionization chambers, 196 silicon detectors, 324 CsI(Tl) scintillators and 12 NE102/NE115 phoswich detectors. The associated electronics is presented. The signal treatment is performed through specifically designed modules, most of which are in the new VXIbus standard. The large dynamic range required for the silicon detectors is reached by means of a low noise amplifier providing a unipolar signal which is charge integrated and converted on two dynamic ranges. The trigger system relies on a new working mode called 'asynchronous mode' and performs event selections based on multiplicity functions which are built up from subgroups of detectors. The performances of the data acquisition and the graphical software packages are also presented. (author)

[en] Some recent data of isotopic distributions obtained in the bombardment of heavy targets by Ar and S projectiles are presented. A classical diffusion is shown to reproduce fairly well the first and the second moments of these isotopic distributions. (orig.)