[en] The first of the planar ZEUS drift chambers, the RTD (Rear Tracking Device), has been developed and built in Bonn. During the construction phase the chamber served in many ways as a prototype for the larger FTDs (Forward Tracking Devices). The RTD has been extensively tested in the ε^--beam at the 2.5 GeV synchrotron at Bonn. The single wire resolution was found to be about 120 → 130 μm. The eefficiency with the used hit-finding algorithm is always better than 98% at a sense wire voltage of 1880 volts. The double pulse efficiency reaches the 50% level at 38 nsec time difference between two pulses which leads to a double track efficiency of 50% at 2.3 mm track distance perpendicular to the wires. For a cartesian description of 3D-tracks the resolution of the protected track angels is 6.5 mrad and the resolution of x and y (at the median plane of the chamber) is about 263μm. The latter, together with a vertex constraint, leads to an angular resolution of better than 0.6 → 1.2 mrad with the varying the scattering angle of the electron in Low-Q² events. (orig.)

[en] A novel enzyme-immunoassay (EIA) for determining human placental lactogen (HPL) was studied for its practicability and quality. The precision of the system in series was tested by using a serum taken each in the 19th, 29th and 40th pregnancy week. A normal range graph between the 10th and the 40th pregnancy week (10 sera per pregnancy week) was established from 310 sera of normal-course pregnancies. The graph practically agreed with the known RIA-established graphs. When comparing with a radio-immunoassay for HPL of routine application and known quality criteria, r=0.93 indicated a close correlation of the values found. (orig./MG)

[en] The present irradiation handbook gives a survey of the irradiation possibilities of the Rossendorf Research Reactor and of the conditions which have to be taken into consideration during irradiations. The irradiation equipment and the expected irradiation parameters are presented. Special attention is directed to the physical processes and the problems of irradiation safety. The reader is also given information about basic laws, organisational problems and terms of waste treatment. (author)

[en] The integral thermal expansion and the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of carbon and Kevlar fibre-reinforced composites were measured with high accuracy from 5 K to room temperature. For this, a laser dilatometer and a sophisticated measuring procedure were used. CTE dependence on the orientation angle ω of angle-ply laminates was determined for samples with 5 different fibre alignments (UD 0deg, +/-30deg, +/-45deg, +/-60deg and UD 90deg). A high variability of the CTE with the orientation angle was shown. At angles of approximately +/-30deg even negative CTEs were found. With suitable reinforcing fibres being selected, their absolute values rose up to 30-100% of the positive CTEs of metals. Hence, composites of this type would be suitable as compensating materials in metal constructions where little thermal expansion is desired. To check the lamination theory, theoretical computations of the CTE- ω -dependence were compared with the measured values. An excellent agreement was found. Using the lamination theory, predictions about the expansion behaviour of angle-ply laminates can be made now, if the thermal and mechanical properties of the unidirectional (UD) laminate are known. Furthermore, it is possible to carry out simulation computations aimed at investigating the influence of a single parameter of the UD-laminate (e.g. shear modulus) on the expansion of the angle-ply laminate. (orig.)

[en] On the basis of measurements of the deposition and concentrations of atmospheric trace metals the annual input of some selected elements (Pb, Zn, Cd, Ni, V) into the North Sea and the Baltic Sea was estimated. For the Baltic Sea, deposition measurements with a buoy system in the Kiel Bight and data from the EGAP(HELCOM)-monitoring network were used. Data from the measurement stations were extrapolated to related sub-basins according to the deposition fields obtained from model calculations (EMEP). For the North Sea, a mean atmospheric trace metal distribution was determined from numerous measurements at a coastal site and over the central North Sea and the annual input was calculated by multiplication with corresponding deposition velocities and scavenging ratios. A comparison of the deposition data based on measurements with those from model calculations show good agreement in the case of Pb in the Baltic Sea as well as in the North Sea. However, for Zn and Cd large discrepancies are observed. Additionally, deposition processes were studied. Scavenging ratios were determined and dry deposition velocities were estimated by the use of a new method for high time resolution measurements of atmospheric trace metal concentrations (impactor/TXRF). (orig.). 9 figs., 14 tabs

[en] Studies of intermolecular interactions are of great interest in many fields of chemistry such as evaluation of solvent effects on chemical and physical processes, catalysis, and in biochemistry and chromatography. IR-spectroscopy is often used to characterize the strength of intermolecular interactions. However, the information contained in the shape of the bands is often neglected. In this work the factors determining the shape of IR-bands in solution are thoroughly discussed. The bandshape can be viewed as a convolution of several bands, which represent different kinds of solvates. These bands can be revealed mathematically using Fourier-Self-Deconvolution (FSD) and curvefitting. In this work the solvation of methanol and t-butylacetylen in different solvents and their interaction which electron-pair-donors in inert media were investigated. The investigations concentrated on 1) solvent effects on the OH-stretch of methanol and the CH-stretch of t-butylacetylen in binary mixtures of weakly interacting solvents. These studies revealed contributions of 2) interaction of electrophilic molecules which various solvent molecules in pure solvents as well as in binary mixtures with weakly interacting solvents. By means of spectroscopic titrations, FSD, and curvefitting different solvate-complexes could be identified. 3) Quantitative characterization of cooperativity due to formation of outer-sphere-complexes. The interaction of model-compounds of the type R3PO which methanol in inert media was monitored by IR-spectroscopy of OH-and PO-vibrations. Detailed analysis of the spectra using Fourier-Self-Deconvolution and curvefitting together which spectral simulation of the system allowed a quantitative explanation of the complex structure of solvation-shells and a quantitative characterization of inherent cooperatively effects. 4) Discussion on some aspects of linear correlation between IR-spectroscopic solvent parameters and thermodynamic properties concerning deviations due to specific binding mechanisms. (author)

[en] The ore characteristic of a uranium deposit in Wyoming, USA, initially required the development of an acid and an alkaline flowsheet. Finally, it was decided to proceed with the acid leach concept because of more favourable economics. (orig.)

No abstract available

[en] This book is a follow-up to Limits to Growth, 20 years later. The authors pose the question, Is our planet better off, worse or just different than it was 20 years ago? The answer is all three. They lay out the problem not only in terms of human technological assaults or life-support systems but also humans against humans. The solutions proposed are far reaching and controversial, including conversion from military to civil economy, reversing the earth-warming, and attacking the disparities between rich and poor. A conclusion is also drawn about today's obsolete and inappropriate governmental structures

[en] Most of the spent fuel assemblies are temporarily stored in the flooded fuel ponds AB 1 and AB 2 of the RFR, and some are still in the reactor core. The conditioning task described here is part of the RFR spent fuel management concept and covers the safe emplacement of the spent fuel elements in the CASTOR MTR 2 shipping containers and the sealing of the containers in compliance with the nuclear licence issued for the conditioning task. The transfer of the spent fuel assemblies from the present wet storage conditions to the dry storage conditions in the CASTOR MTR 2 containers is done by a mobile manipulation equipment consisting essentially of the transfer sluice gate and a transfer container. Subsequent to conditioning, the shipping containers are to be transported to a licensed intermediate storage facility to await their transport to a national radwaste repository. The technical handling tools for the transfer and manipulation are briefly described, as well as the process steps involved, putting emphasis on the detailed description of processes and the accompanying time frame, so that the conditioning task can be incorporated into the work plan of the entire project. The report further presents the EDP concept established for the task, including the required data archivation and documentation. (orig.)