[en] This publication is a compendium on all aspects of radionuclide diagnostics concerning cardiovascular system diseases. Starting with introductory remarks on the control of cardiovascular diseases the contribution of radionuclide cardiology to functional cardiovascular diagnostics as well as pathophysiological and pathobiochemical aspects of radiocardiography are outlined. Radiopharmaceuticals used in radiocardiography, physical and technical problems in application of radionuclides and their measuring techniques are discussed. In individual chapters radionuclide ventriculography, myocardial scintiscanning, circulatory diagnostics, radionuclide diagnostics of arterial hypertension, of thrombosis and in vitro diagnostics of thrombophilia are treated in the framework of clinical medicine

[en] In 14 patients with disturbances of the arterial blood supply the influence of a 50 Hz changing magnetic field of 24 mT on the microcirculation of the musculature was tested by means of ¹³³Xe clearance. An influence of the magnetic field could not be proved. (author)

[en] ²⁰¹Tl myocardial scintigraphy and ^99mTc radionuclide ventriculography were performed in 61 patients with myocarditis and dilatative cardiomyopathy, all cases secured by endomyocardium biopsies. The myocardioscintigraphic pathological findings increased in severity from florid to chronic myocarditis and to dilatative cardiomyopathy. Typical alterations were revealed by ²⁰¹Tl myocardial scintigraphy from dilatative cardiomyopathy rather than from myocarditis. The global left ventricular ejection fraction; measured by radionuclide ventriculography, was the criterion for myocardioscintigraphically detected disorders in the left ventricle of the myocardium. It should, therefore, be determined, as a reliable parameter, for proper classification of severity of the disease and thus for adequate prognostication, primarily with clinical suspicion of a specific myocardial disease, and, finally, for dependable monitoring and follow-up of the clinical course. (author)

[en] There are a great number of problems and errors in the estimation of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF, EF) with single probe devices. Therefore we developed a system which allows the estimation of the left ventricular ejection fraction on line without the use of a computer, the radiocardioscope. The changes of the enddiastolic and endsystolic count rate are measured continously by a usual decice consisting of a single probe with a stative and a scope. The value of the EF can be read directly from the scope. In our investigations we used a cylindric collimation of 7.5 cm length and a diameter of 4 cm. The estimation is done in equilibrium. Due to the difficulties in background correction and its low reproducibility the background was not measured directly. We calculated a regression between camera-EF and single probe EF. The correction of the heat moving induced by respiration is simple. The left ventricle is good positioned within the collimator field of view when the EF reaches the adjusted maximum. Deviations of the EF of more than 5 per cent absolute are significant, the normal value of EF is equivalent to the camera EF. (orig.)

[en] In patients with essential hypertension under permanent propanolol treatment the muscular blood supply and the decreasing blood pressure was determined after sauna treatment using the ₁₃₃Xe muscle clearance method. Significant decrease of the blood pressure was reached already after 2 weeks sauna treatment twice a week. Continuation of sauna therapy led to permanently decreased blood pressure. The half-life period of the ₁₃₃Xe muscle clearance was significantly shortened and the functional vascular cross-section was increased. The blood pressure increased again after sauna treatment only once a week and became manifest in the prolongation of the half-life period as well as in the reduction of the functional vascular cross-section

[en] In 40 patients with angina pectoris catheter diagnostic measurements of the myocardial flow were carried out after intracoronary application of ¹³³Xe at rest and after oral application of Curantyl in order to obtain a better evaluation of coronary collaterals. The results show relations between angiographically detected coronary collaterals and the reduced coronary reserve. A quantitative measurement of collaterals from the angiogram facilitates a more precise evaluation of the relation between coronary sclerosis and myocardial flow. (author)

[en] Because of the low energy of ²⁰¹Tl, the scan of thick organs is problematic. In a layer of about 4cm thickness only half of the first value can be measured. The margins of the organ of interest become blurred through the Compton effect and the movement of the organ in the field of the collimator, the movement of the organ being the biggest influence. Model investigations show that the area of the organ is influenced by the surrounding activity. With an equal count rate a high background activity results in a lower area of the organ and vice versa. Additionally misinterpretations of defects are produced because of incorrect background subtraction. Water cylinders with height 6cm, 2.5cm and 1.5cm were placed in a thallium-activated layer successively. If the non-activated cylinder of 6cm is as high as the activated layer, 33% of the activity of the original activity is measured. If the cylinder reaches half the height of the activated layer, 70% of the activity is measured. Such a decrease in the count rate can be obtained if the absorption layer between the collimator and the organ is increased by up to three or more centimetres. These results demonstrate that the interpretation of defects in a myocardial scintigram, especially in studies of redistribution and follow-up studies, is difficult. (author)

No abstract available

[en] Abstract only

[en] The determination of the ¹³¹I-hippuran total clearance according to the 7-17 single shot method proposed by Roesler is tested for different time intervals in 35 patients. For this purpose the statistic relations between clearance, distribution volume biological half-life and elimination rate in normal and pathological renal function were examined. The determination of the ¹³¹I-hippuran clearance was possible from all time intervals selected. The testing for reproducibility on 2 subsequent days of examination showed a good correspondence of the results. (author)