[en] In surveying the field of new detector technology, it appears that the advent of massive, inexpensive water Cerenkov detectors may have a significant impact on future neutrino physics. These detectors offer the volumes necessary to perform experiments at very low fluxes, for example with long neutrino flight paths or with rare neutrino species (e.g. upsilon_e. As an illustration of the potential on the new techniques, we consider in detail an experiment dedicated to the study of the time evolution of a neutrino beam enriched with ß _e's. The highest fluexes f ß _e appear to be achieved with current beam lines at the Brookhaven AGS or the CERN PS. An array of massive, inexpensive detectors allows a configuration optimized for good sensitivity to neutrino eigenmass differences from 0.6 eV to 20 eV and mixing angles down to 15₀ (comparable to the Cabibbo angle). The ß _e beam is formed using k_{0 e} ³ decays. A simultaneously produced ßsigma phi beam from K_{0 e} ³ decay serves as the normalizer. Pion generated ßsigma phi's are suppressed to limit background. The detector consists of a series of seven water Cerenkov modules (each with 175T fiducial mass), judiciously spaced along the ß line to provide flight paths from 40m to 1000m. Simulation and reconstruction neutrino events in a detector similar to the one considered show sufficient resolution in angle, energy, position and event timing relative to the beam

[en] Quadrupole magnets and other beam transport elements located near the high-luminosity intersection regions at POPAE are discussed with respect to keeping all potentially interesting regions of phase-space accessible to experimental investigation. A possible design and features for a single arm spectrometer located about 40 m downstream along one of the intersecting rings are presented, including expected mass resolution. (PMA)

[en] A sensitive search for neutrino oscillations is reported. A pure ν/sub μ/ beam of low energy was constructed at the Brookhaven AGS. The appearance of any ν/sub e/ in the beam would signify oscillations. To maximize sensitivity the energy of the neutrino beam was reduced to 150 MeV. The existing neutrino beam line and a 30T liquid scintillation calorimeter used in previous νp scattering experiments were utilized

[en] Experiments showed that a detectable sonic signal is produced by energetic proton beams traversing fluids. The novel results are in agreement with predictions of a thermal expansion model of the generation of the acoustic wave. They are inconsistent with any significant contributions from several other possible sonic generation mechanisms, e.g., microbubble implosion and molecular dissociation. Frequency and amplitude distributions, radiation patterns, and thermal, pressure, and acoustic medium dependences were explored. 5 figures

[en] We report on a sensitive search for neutrino oscillation. A pure nu_μ beam of low energy was constructed at the Brookhaven AGS. The appearance of any nu_e in the beam would signify oscillations. To maximize sensitivity the energy of the neutrino beam was reduced to 150 MeV. The existing neutrino beam line and a 30T liquid scintillation calorimeter used in previous nu p scattering experiments were utilized

[en] An enhanced νsub(e) beam would be useful for experiments that have been proposed to investigate the time evolution of a νsub(e) beam or to test the universality of νsub(e) and νsub(μ) interactions. We have performed detailed calculations to maximize the flux of electron neutrinos through a detector while minimizing the more copious muon neutrinos produced at 30 GeV proton accelerators. The νsub(e) beam is formed from the semi-leptonic decay modes of the neutral kaon. Muon neutrinos generated by decays of charged pions and kaons are suppressed by a dipole sweeping magnet. The νsub(e)/νsub(μ) ratio is enhanced from its usual value of proportional1/1000 to a value of proportional1/2, albeit at a low flux. We find with this design a typical flux of 1.5x10⁷ νsub(e)/m² s. We find that a high magnetic field (>= 40 kG) is essential to achieve this νsub(e)/νsub(μ) enhancement. Although the use of collimators and/or plugs inside the magnet reduces the νsub(μ) flux, the νsub(e) flux is also diminished so that there is little beneficial effect on the νsub(e)/νsub(μ) ratio. Magnetic focusing horns and quadrupole beams do not enhance the νsub(e)/νsub(μ) ratio. The accuracy of the energy dependence of the calculation, as well as the absolute normalization of the fluxes, is determined by a subsidiary calculation of the νsub(μ) yield from the magnetic horn focused beam at Brookhaven National Laboratory. This calculation is the first to our knowledge to agree well with the νsub(μ) yield as measured in the BNL seven foot bubble chamber. (orig.)

[en] A system for fast shaving extraction at 1.5 GeV/c is implemented to extract the circulating beam in five turns. A numerical simulation is first carried out to determine the emittance and the rf structure of the extracted beam. This is followed by several machine study sessions which establish the optimal extraction configuration, confirm the emittance, and modify the transport line for low energy beam. Finally, a one-week run for the Neutrino Oscillation experiment demonstrates that the system is very stable and capable of delivering 7.5 x 10¹² p/sec with 70% extraction efficiency and 95% transport efficiency

[en] This chapter reports on a sensitive search for neutrino oscillations. To maximize sensitivity, the energy of the neutrino beam was reduced to 150 MeV. Calculates the expected event rate for pion production in the target, horn focusing, and neutrino interactions in the detector. Examines the fine time structure of the beam events with respect to the RF timing of the beam

[en] There were 217 (66) events of the process νp→νp (anti νp→antiνp) with an estimated background of 82 (28). The neutral to charged current ratios are sigma(νp→νp)/sigma(νn→μ^-p) = 0.11 +- 0.02 and sigma(anti νp → anti νp)/sigma (anti νp → μ⁺n) = 0.19 +- 0.05 for 0.40 < q² < 0.90 (GeV/c)² where -q² is the square of the four momentum transfer to the proton. These yield sigma(anti νp → anti νp)(νp→νp) = 0.53 +- 0.17. The errors quoted are statistical; systematic uncertainties are less than 20%. This value of the cross section ratio establishes at a level of approximately 2 1/2 standard deviations that the neutral current is neither pure V, A, T or any mixture of S and P. The present measurements place significant restrictions on the neutral current coupling constants, element of/sub L/(u), element of/sub L/(d), element of/sub R/(u), element of/sub R/(d). The allowed domains are presented including a discussion of the effect of systematic errors. 27 references

[en] There were 30 events observed of the process νp → νp with a background expectation of 7 events. The ratio sigma(νp → νp)/sigma(νn → μ^-p) is measured to be 0.17 +- 0.05 for 0.3 less than q² less than 0.9 (GeV/c)², where -q² is the square of the four-momentum transfer to the proton. Also observed were 22 events of the process anti νp → anti νp with a background expectation of 8 events. The ratio sigma(anti νp → anti νp)/sigma(anti νp → μ⁺n) is 0.2 +- 0.1 for the same q² interval. These two measurements yield a ratio sigma(anti νp → anti νp)/sigma(νp → νp) = 0.4 +- 0.2, where the error is statistical. This difference between neutrino and antineutrino scattering suggests that the hadronic neutral current displays a significant parity-violating interference and that a purely vector Lorentz structure is unlikely