[en] Classification if considered of accelerator ion sources according to the principle of operation, designation, charge of ions produced in the source, employed working substance, and a method of feeding it. Basic requirements for ion sources determined by their designation and operating conditions are enumerated. Principles of operation and main parameters of various types of ion sources are described. Basic problems and prospects of improving ion sources are considered. As a promising variant a possibility is discussed of increasing the charge of fast ions during transmission through a target-stripper. Comparison data are presented which characterize ion charged and plasma parameters attained in the considered sources of multicharged ions

[en] Specific features of a cyclotron for iodine-123 and thallium-201 radionuclide production for medical purposes are condidered. The cyclotron should be designed for acceleration of external 30 MeV proton beam. A thin graphite or beryllium stripper with relatively low residual radioactivity is used for charge exchange. The extraction effeciency is close to 100 %. 5 refs

[en] An important product among the radiopharmaceuticals currently used in cardiology is T1 201 chloride, due to its nuclear-physical properties and its clinical value as a diagnostic tool. The authors explain and discuss the basic characteristics which determine the radiopharmaceutical quality of T1 201: its radiochemical purity and its chemical impurity content, which depend on the target-irradiation conditions - type of nuclear reaction, target material and design, particle energy, irradiation time - and the reprocessing technology. A production flow chart is presented which shows that ions are accelerated within a wide mass and energy range suitable for the production of T1 201 in different nuclear reactions. Cyclotron reconstruction for T1 201 production is discussed

[en] Production and acceleration of beryllium ions in the cyclotron of the Atomic Energy Institute are described. To produce beryllium ions, a high-efficient source of ions for substances, that are solids at normal temperature, has been used. The specific feature of the modified source consists in vacuum lockage of a discharge chamber that reduces the time required for the source replacement by several times, and in precise adjustment of the source in the cyclotron chamber by means of a conical fixer. Anhydrous salt BeCl₂ or anhydrous salt BeF₂ has been used as a working substance of the source. Commercial helium has been used for discharge ignition. Be²⁺ and Be³⁺ ions being accelerated up to energies of 26 and 54 MeV for an accelerated beam intensity of 2 and 0.3 MA respectively. To increase the multicharged ion yield from the source, a pulsed power supply for the discharge has been used, making it possible to obtain a discharge current of up to 12 A at 700 V with a pulse repetition rate of 100 Hz and a pulse duration of about 2 ms

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No abstract available

[en] A technique for calculating electron losses by semi-heavy ions depending on the energy in the process of cyclotron acceleration is described. Results of calculations for Li and Be ions are compared with experimental data obtained on the IAE isochronous cyclotron. Energy dependences of charge spectra of these ions are given. The given analysis of ion losses due to charge exchange on the residual gas showed that, provided the ion orbits are similar, the ion losses decrease monotonically with the decrease of their energy; for Li³⁺, Li²⁺, Be³⁺ and Be⁴⁺ the ion losses are negligibly small in the operating pressure range from 10^-5 to 2x10^-5 torr. Losses of Li⁺ and Be²⁺ accelerated on the 3rd HF subharmonic become significant in the range of operating pressures. Losses of Be⁺ ions accelerated on the 5th HF subharmonic at the pressure p > 10^-5 torr rise catastrophically. By comparing the results of measurements with calculated data a conclusion has been drawn about the validity of the considered technique for calculation of semi-heavy ion losses on the residual gas during cyclotron acceleration. It is underlined that this technique makes it possible to estimated the requirements for vacuum in the cyclotron accelerating chamber, to calculate ion charge spectra obtained after passage of solid targets, and also to gather data on other interaction parameters

No abstract available

No abstract available

[en] Selection of the scheme for the production of ²⁰¹Tl, which chlorides are widely used in cardiography for diagnostics of ischemia and myocardial infarction, is grounded. Irradiation of targets made of enriched ²⁰³Tl in a 30 MeV proton beam extracted from a cyclotron reconstructed for this aim is accomplished at the first stage. Then, ²⁰¹Tl chemical separation is made. At the first stage ²⁰¹Pb microamounts are separated from irradiated Tl ones, and at the second stage ²⁰¹Tl is separated from residual undecayed radioactive Pb, which is cooled for ²⁰¹Tl buildup. Regular (in the average 2 times a month) production of ²⁰¹Tl radiopharmaceutic preparation and its supply to clinics in batches with an activity up to 5GBq are organized on the basis of the above method beginning from 1984