[en] In the presence of longitudinal coherent electron cooling, the evolution of the line-density profile of a circulating ion bunch can be described by the 1D Fokker-Planck equation. We show that, in the absence of diffusion, the 1D equation can be solved analytically for a particular dependence of the cooling force on the synchrotron amplitude. For more general cases with arbitrary diffusion, we solved the 1D Fokker-Planck equation numerically, and the numerical solutions have been compared with results from macroparticle tracking.

[en] The Electron cooling beam has both coherent and incoherent effects to the circulating ion beam. The incoherent longitudinal cooling could reduce the ion beam energy spread and hence cause 'over-cooling' of the ion beam. Depending on the beam densities and cooling length, the coherent interaction between the ion and electron beam could either damp or anti-damp the ion coherent motions. Using the tracking codes, TRANFT, the threshold for 'over-cooling' has been found and compared with theoretical estimation. The transverse coherent effect of electron cooling has been implemented into the codes and its effect for the bunched ion beam is shown

[en] Purpose: In the model, we used the concepts of Lee and Amaral (2002) and Tang and Zhou (2009) and offer a multi-criteria decision-making model that identify the decoupling points to aim to minimize production costs, minimize the product delivery time to customer and maximize their satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach: We encounter with a triple-objective model that meta-heuristic method (NSGA II) is used to solve the model and to identify the Pareto optimal points. The max (min) method was used. Findings: Our results of using NSGA II to find Pareto optimal solutions demonstrate good performance of NSGA II to extract Pareto solutions in proposed model that considers determining of decoupling point in a supply network. Originality/value: So far, several approaches to model the future have been proposed, of course, each of them modeled a part of this concept. This concept has been considered more general in the model that defined in follow. In this model, we face with a multi-criteria decision problem that includes minimization of the production costs and product delivery time to customers as well as customer consistency maximization.

[en] In the presence of an effective coherent electron cooling, the rms ion bunch length in eRHIC will be kept at 8.3 cm for 250 GeV protons, which is much shorter than the current RHIC 45 cm rms bunch length. Together with the increased bunch intensity and total bunch number, coherent instabilities could be a potential limitation for achieving desired machine performance. In this study, we use the tracking code TRANFT to find thresholds and growth rates for single bunch and coupled bunch instabilities with linear chromaticity and amplitude dependent tune shift taken into account. Based on the simulation results, requirements of machine parameters such as rf voltage, linear chromaticity, and tune dependence of betatron amplitude are specified to suppress these instabilities.

[en] This application describes a process for producing protected 3-amino-1,2-dihydroxypropane acetal, particularly in chiral forms, for use as an intermediate in the preparation of various 3-carbon compounds which are chiral. In particular, the present invention relates to the process for preparation of 3-amino-1,2-dihydroxypropane isopropylidene acetal. The protected 3-amino-1,2-dihydroxypropane acetal is a key intermediate to the preparation of chiral 3-carbon compounds which in turn are intermediates to various pharmaceuticals

[en] Deficits in dopamine D2/D3 receptor (D2R/D3R) binding availability using PET imaging have been reported in obese humans and rodents. Similar deficits have been reported in cocaine-addicts and cocaine-exposed primates. We found that D2R/D3R binding availability negatively correlated with measures of body weight at the time of scan (ventral striatum), at 1 (ventral striatum) and 2 months (dorsal and ventral striatum) post scan in rats. Cocaine preference was negatively correlated with D2R/D3R binding availability 2 months (ventral striatum) post scan. Our findings suggest that inherent deficits in striatal D2R/D3R signaling are related to obesity and drug addiction susceptibility and that ventral and dorsal striatum serve dissociable roles in maintaining weight gain and cocaine preference. Measuring D2R/D3R binding availability provides a way for assessing susceptibility to weight gain and cocaine abuse in rodents and given the translational nature of PET imaging, potentially primates and humans.

[en] Space charge effects play significant role in modern-day accelerators. These effects frequently constrain attainable beam parameters in an accelerator, or, in an accelerator chain. They also could limit the luminosity of hadron colliders operating either at low energies or with a sub-TeV high brightness hadron beams. The latter is applied for strongly cooled proton and ion beams in eRHIC - the proposed future electron-ion collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory. A number of schemes for compensating space charge effects in a coasting (e.g. continuous) hadron beam were proposed and some of them had been tested. Using a proper transverse profile of the electron beam (or plasma column) for a coasting beam would compensate both the tune shift and the tune spread in the hadron beam. But all of these methods do not address the issue of tune spread compensation of a bunched hadron beam, e.g. the tune shift dependence on the longitudinal position inside the bunch. In this paper we propose and evaluate a novel idea of using a co-propagating electron bunch with miss-matched longitudinal velocity to compensate the space charge induced tune-shift and tune spread. We present a number of practical examples of such system

[en] The rescaled range statistics (R/S) method is applied to the ion saturation current fluctuations measured by Langmuir probe at edge on Tore Supra to evaluate the Hurst exponent. Data block randomization is carried out to the data sets in order to investigate the relationship between the Hurst exponent and long time correlation. It is observed that h is well above 0.5 in the long time self-similar range. However, it is found that the information which leads to H > 0.5 is totally contained in the short-time correlation and no link to long times is found. (authors)

[en] We solve linearized Vlasov-Maxwell FEL equations for a 3-D perturbation in the infinite electron beam with Lorentzian energy distributions using paraxial approximation. We present analytical solutions for various initial perturbations and discuss the effect of optical guiding in such system.

[en] Under certain assumptions and simplifications, we studied a few physics processes of Coherent Electron Cooling using analytical approach. In the modulation process, the effect due to merging the ion beam with the electron beam is studied under single kick approximation. In the free electron laser (FEL) amplifier, we studied the amplification of the electron density modulation using 1D analytical approach. Both the electron charge density and the phase space density are derived in the frequency domain. The solutions are then transformed into the space domain through Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT)