[en] General expressions of Ampere-Turns for superconducting dipole and quadrupole magnets based on sector coils are proposed. According to the magnetic field generated by simplified coil layouts using the line current theory, the required excitation current to achieve the desired field strength in the aperture is calculated. The contribution of magnetic field by an iron yoke is taken into account by using the image current method. The validity of derived equations is confirmed by applications to main superconducting magnets which have been built in several high energy accelerators. The proposed analytical expressions provide a simple relationship among the bore field, main dimensions of the magnet, and the total excitation current. These expressions are complementary to the existing method in the electromagnetic design, and are shown to be quite similar to those of conventional magnets. Finally, the comparison of Ampere-Turns between superconducting magnets and conventional magnets is presented

[en] Objective: To explore the curative effects,prognostic factors,and adverse reactions of different treatment modalities of chemotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: 151 NSCLC patients were randomly assigned into 3 groups to undergo concurrent chemoradiotherapy (n=43), sequential chemo-radiotherapy (n=49), or pure chemotherapy (n=59). The clinical data were analyzed. Results: The short-term effective rates of the concurrent and sequential chemo-radiotherapy groups were 81.4% and 73.5% respectively with no significantly difference between them, but both significantly higher than that of the pure chemotherapy group (39.0%, both P<0.05). The mortality of the concurrent chemo-radiation group was 53.5%, significantly lower than those of the sequential chemo-radiotherapy and pure chemotherapy groups (67.3% and 67.8% respectively, both P<0.05). The median survival time of the concurrent chemo-radiotherapy group was 26 months,significantly longer than those of the sequential chemo-radiotherapy and pure chemotherapy groups (12 and 11 months respectively, both P<0.05). The l-year survival rates of the 3 groups were 80.2%, 47.1%, and 45.6%. The 2-year survival rates were 58.2%, 38.5%, and 24.4%, and the 3-year survival rates were 32.7%, 27.5%, and 0, respectively. The white blood cell decrease rates of the grades Ⅲ∼Ⅳ of the concurrent chemo-radiotherapy group were significantly higher than those of the other 2 groups (both P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the rates of radiation esophagitis and radiation pneumonitis between the concurrent and sequential chemo-radiotherapy groups. Age, performance status score, clinical staging, and treatment modality were the 4 influencing factors in the prognosis of NSCLC (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Relatively safe with tolerable adverse reactions, concurrent chemo-radiotherapy is superior to sequential chemo-radiotherapy, particularly to pure chemotherapy, in increase of median survival time and survival rate in treatment of NSCLC. Age, PS, clinical staging and therapy method are independent indicators influencing the prognosis. (authors)

[en] Highlights: • Fe_3O_4/C composites are prepared through hydrothermal treatment and subsequent CVD. • Monodispersed core–shell Fe_3O_4@C nanospheres are connected with 3D carbon networks. • Fe_3O_4@C composites exhibit high reversible capacity and excellent rate capability. - Abstract: Monodispersed core-shell porous Fe_3O_4@C nanospheres are prepared through hydrothermal treatment and subsequent chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Specially, the magnetite reduction and carbon coating are completed via CVD simultaneously and the process is verified by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. Fe_3O_4@C composites exhibit high reversible capacity (∼1100 mA h g"−"1 at 100 mA g"−"1 after 60 cycles), excellent cyclic stability and good rate performance. The carbon coating layer serves as a highly conducting framework and provides a flexible space for buffering strain and stress, and the pores facilitate ion transport during electrochemical cycling. More importantly, the core-shell Fe_3O_4@C composite is connected by carbon to form a three-dimensional network, which contributes to the relief of inner strain and the fast transport of electrons and lithium ions

[en] The harmonic field errors are an evaluation criterion for field quality of accelerator magnets. The limited magnetic pole width and length of conventional magnets will lead to systemic multipole errors. Also the tolerances of machining and material will bring on random multipole errors. Those multipole errors cause the field quality to be bad. The harmonic shims can counteract each multipole error through the change of pole profile, and it improves the field quality radically. The principle of the harmonic shims was analysed and its applications for dipole and quadrupole magnet were discussed in de tail. (authors)

[en] Pulmonary artery endothelial dysfunction is associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Based on recent studies showing that microRNA (miR)-27b is aberrantly expressed in PAH, we hypothesized that miR-27b may contribute to pulmonary endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling in PAH. The effect of miR-27b on pulmonary endothelial dysfunction and the underlying mechanism were investigated in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs) in vitro and in a monocrotaline (MCT)-induced model of PAH in vivo. miR-27b expression was upregulated in MCT-induced PAH and inversely correlated with the levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ, and miR-27b inhibition attenuated MCT-induced endothelial dysfunction and remodeling and prevented PAH associated right ventricular hypertrophy and systolic pressure in rats. PPARγ was confirmed as a direct target of miR-27b in HPAECs and shown to mediate the effect of miR-27b on the disruption of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) coupling to Hsp90 and the suppression of NO production associated with the PAH phenotype. We showed that miR-27b plays a role endothelial function and NO release and elucidated a potential mechanism by which miR-27b regulates Hsp90-eNOS and NO signaling by modulating PPARγ expression, providing potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of PAH. - Highlights: • miR-27b plays a role in endothelial function and NO release. • miR-27b inhibition ameliorates MCT-induced endothelial dysfunction and PAH. • miR-27b targets PPARγ in HPAECs. • miR-27b regulates PPARγ dependent Hsp90-eNOS and NO signaling

[en] In recent years, more and more researchers have paid attention to the study of non-local problems. The numerical method for initial-boundary value problems of time nonlocal parabolic equations is established in this paper. The time nonlocal operator is discretized by finite difference method, and spatial differential operators is discretized by Sinc-Galerkin method. Then fully discrete scheme (D-SD scheme) for solving one-dimensional time nonlocal parabolic equation is obtained. Numerical example shows the effectiveness and superiority of the scheme for solving non-local problems. (paper)

[en] Recently, two-dimensional (2D) GeP semiconductor was successfully obtained from single crystals using mechanical exfoliation method. In this study, uniaxial strain behaviors and carrier mobilities of monolayer GeP are investigated by first principles calculations. The stretching simulation shows that monolayer GeP can maintain a stable elastic deformation for x axis strain from zero to = 12.9%, and y axis strain from zero to = 26.2%. The structural stability can be further verified by the phonon dispersion. Carrier mobility based on acoustic deformation potential scattering mechanism is predicted by the calculations of effective mass, elastic modulus and deformation potential. The upper limits of some possible carrier mobilities are presented, and they can be tuned by uniaxial strain. Combining excellent mechanical properties with moderate band gap and tunable carrier mobility, 2D GeP has a potential application in nanoelectronics and optoelectronics.

[en] Objective: To compare the CT features of retroperitoneal ganglioneuroblastoma (GNB) and neuroblastoma (NB) in children, and summarize the differentiations between them. Methods: From November 2007 to November 2011, 19 patients with GNB and 21 patients with NB proven pathologically were enrolled in the study. The CT data of GNB and NB were analyzed retrospectively. These tumor parameters in CT included lesion location, size, shape, margin, calcification, across central line, style of contrast enhancement, degree of contrast enhancement, presence of small vessels in or around the tumor arranged in clumps or in line, tumor embolus, adjacent organs invasion or metastasis, lymph node metastasis, and relationship between tumor and surrounding great vessels. These parameters of both groups were compared by χ"2 and t test. Results: In GNB group,11 patients were located in adrenal gland and 8 patients in the retroperitoneal sympathetic chain; however, in NB group, 18 patients were located in adrenal gland and 3 patients in the retroperitoneal sympathetic chain. The difference were statistical significances in the incidence rate of regular morphology, clear border, vessel encased by tumor, vessels displaced, presence of small vessels in /around the tumor arranged in clumps or in line, adjacent organs invasion or viscera metastasis, lymph node metastasis between NB (6/21, 7/21, 14/21, 7/21, 11/21, 10/21, and 11/21, respectively) and GNB (12/19, 13/19, 6/19, 13/19, 4/19, 3/19 and 4/19, respectively) (P<0.05). However, there was no statistical significance in size, calcification, across central line, contrast enhancement type, contrast enhancement degree between them (P>0.05). Conclusions: NB are more likely located at adrenal gland and presented a higher incidence rate of presence of small vessels in or around the tumor which arranged in clumps or in line, vessel encased by tumor, adjacent organs invasion or metastasis and lymph node metastasis. Regular morphology, clear border and vessels displaced are more frequently observed in GNB. (authors)

[en] When radiation was used for the treatment of chest malignant tumor, the heart will be irradiated inevitably, which led to radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD). With the improvement of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the survival time of cancer patients had been extended Therefore, the research on RIHD had been attracted more and more attention. At present, scholars have not formed a unified understanding of this disease and there is no effective method to prevent its occurrence in clinical practice at home and abroad. Animal model research can provide reliable evidence for clinical treatment and prevention of this disease. For this reason, this paper reviews and analyzes the animal model research of radioactive heart injury in recent years, which aiming to provide reference for the development of follow-up experiments and clinical application. (authors)

[en] A novel hydrolytic stable Zn(II)-organic framework {[Zn(afsba)(bbtz)_1.5(H₂O)₂]·2H₂O}_n (1) based on the amino/sulfonato-functionalized ligand 2-amino-5-sulfobenzoic acid (H₂afsba) and the auxiliary flexible ligand 1, 4-bis(triazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene (bbtz) was constructed hydrothermally. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that 1 shows a novel 1D→2D polyrotaxane framework architecture. The detailed analysis of the solid state diffuse reflectance UV–vis spectrum of 1 reveals that it may be used as a potential wide band gap semiconductor material. 1 exhibits reversible dehydration-rehydration behavior. 1 manifests distinct solvent-dependent fluorescence properties. The strongest fluorescence is observed in water. 1 keeps excellent framework stability in a variety of solvents. Interstingly, 1 shows highly selective and efficient sensing of the Fe³⁺ cations over a variety of the interfering metal cations in both environment and biological systems. 1 could also be used as a potential highly selective and sensitive sensory material for the Cr(VI) (CrO₄²⁻/Cr₂O₇²⁻) anions among a large pool of the coexistent different anions. The limits of 1 for the aqueous-phase sensing of these analytes reach to sub-ppm level (0.22 ppm/0.26 ppm for CrO₄²⁻/Cr₂O₇^2- and 0.07 ppm for Fe³⁺, respectively).