[en] A design is given of a multistrip wall current monitor which can be used to measure transverse high order moments of the beam. Bench test results are presented and analyzed. The device can be applied to continuously and non-destructively measure beam properties like emittance or momentum spread. (author) 6 refs., 6 figs

[en] A DC current transformer (DCCT) has been designed to operate over the current range of ± 20 mA, with a resolution and accuracy of 2 μA. The long term drift has been measured at less than 3 μA over 30 hours. A test has been done using H^- beam CRM 2-inch cusp ion source to compare the readings of DCT and the Faraday Cup. The test shows that they both agree within 3 μA. (author)

[en] By coupling the emitted synchrotron light into an optical fiber, it is possible to transmit the signal at substantial distances from the light port, without the need to use expensive beamlines. This would be especially beneficial in all those cases when the synchrotron is situated in areas not easily access because of their location, or due to high radiation levels. Furthermore, the fiber output can be easily switched, or even shared, between different diagnostic instruments. We present the latest results on the coupling and dispersion measurements performed at the Advanced Light Source in Berkeley. In several cases, coupling synchrotron light into optical fibers can substantially facilitate the use of beam diagnostic instrumentation that measures longitudinal beam properties by detecting synchrotron radiation. It has been discussed in with some detail, how fiberoptics can bring the light at relatively large distances from the accelerator, where a variety of devices can be used to measure beam properties and parameters. Light carried on a fiber can be easily switched between instruments so that each one of them has 100% of the photons available, rather than just a fraction, when simultaneous measurements are not indispensable. From a more general point of view, once synchrotron light is coupled into the fiber, the vast array of techniques and optoelectronic devices, developed by the telecommunication industry becomes available. In this paper we present the results of our experiments at the Advanced Light Source, where we tried to assess the challenges and limitations of the coupling process and determine what level of efficiency one can typically expect to achieve.

[en] A multistrip gap monitor has been built and tested in a TRIUMF beam line. Wall currents, induced by the beam, are carried along eight conducting strips arranged circumferentially around a non-conducting section of beam pipe. A gap in each strip is bridged by a resistor. The eight voltages may be analyzed by applying a circumferential Fourier transform (CFT) to give dipole (position) and quadrupole (aspect) moments of the beam. The device bandwidth (2 GHz) is sufficient to show variations in these moments along the beam bunch. (author)

[en] The beam bunches extracted from the TRIUMF cyclotron are usually about 4 ns long, contain ∼ 4 x 10⁷ protons, and are spaced at 43 ns. A wall current monitor capable of giving the charge distribution within a bunch, on a bunch by bunch basis, has recently been installed together with a sampling system for routine display in the control room. The wall current monitor is enclosed in a vacuum vessel and no ceramic spacer is required. This enhances the response to high frequencies, ferrite rings extend the low frequency response. Bench measurements show a flat response between a few hundred kilohertz and 4.6 GHz. For a permanent display in the control room the oscilloscope will be replaced by a Stanford Research Systems fast sampler module, a scanner module, and an interface module made at TRIUMF. The time to acquire one 10 ns distribution encompassing the beam bunch is 30 ms with a sample width of 100 ps and an average sample spacing of 13 ps. The scan, sample, and retrace signals are buffered carried on 70 m differential lines to the control room. An analog scope in XYZ mode provides a real time display. Signal averaging can be performed by using a digital oscilloscope in YT mode. (author). 6 refs., 2 tabs., 7 figs

[en] The trajectory of charge particles will be changed by electrostatic wave with a large amplitude in plasma. The dispersion relation of drift waves is derived with the help of integration along the changed trajectory. It shows that the drift wave instability can be suppressed by a so-called 'quasi-Larmor radius effect' as long as the condition, K·S_e>K·S_i, is satisfied, where K is the wave number of drift wave, S_e,S_i, caused by electrostatic waves, are the amplitudes of shift of charge particles, respectively. (author) 4 refs

[en] Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare a radiation therapy treatment planning that would spare active bone marrow and whole pelvic bone marrow using 18F FLT PET/CT image. Methods: We have developed an IMRT planning methodology to incorporate functional PET imaging using 18F FLT/CT scans. Plans were generated for two cervical cancer patients, where pelvicactive bone marrow region was incorporated as avoidance regions based on the range: SUV>2., another region was whole pelvic bone marrow. Dose objectives were set to reduce the volume of active bone marrow and whole bone marraw. The volumes of received 10 (V10) and 20 (V20) Gy for active bone marrow were evaluated. Results: Active bone marrow regions identified by 18F FLT with an SUV>2 represented an average of 48.0% of the total osseous pelvis for the two cases studied. Improved dose volume histograms for identified bone marrow SUV volumes and decreases in V10(average 18%), and V20(average 14%) were achieved without clinically significant changes to PTV or OAR doses. Conclusion: Incorporation of 18F FLT/CT PET in IMRT planning provides a methodology to reduce radiation dose to active bone marrow without compromising PTV or OAR dose objectives in cervical cancer

[en] Purpose: To study the oxygen saturation (SO2) and breath-holding time variation applied active breathing control (ABC) in radiotherapy of tumor. Methods: 24 volunteers were involved in our trials, and they all did breath-holding motion assisted by ELEKTA Active Breathing Coordinator 2.0 for 10 times respectively. And the patient monitor was used to observe the oxygen saturation (SO2) variation. The variation of SO2, and length of breath-holding time and the time for recovering to the initial value of SO2 were recorded and analyzed. Results: (1) The volunteers were divided into two groups according to the SO2 variation in breath-holding: A group, 14 cases whose SO2 reduction were more than 2% (initial value was 97% to 99%, while termination value was 91% to 96%); B group, 10 cases were less than 2% in breath-holding without inhaling oxygen. (2) The interfraction breath holding time varied from 8 to 20s for A group compared to the first breath-holding time, and for B group varied from 4 to 14s. (3) The breathing holding time of B group prolonged mean 8s, compared to A group. (4) The time for restoring to the initial value of SO2 was from 10s to 30s. And the breath-holding time shortened obviously for patients whose SO2 did not recover to normal. Conclusion: It is very obvious that the SO2 reduction in breath-holding associated with ABC for partial people. It is necessary to check the SO2 variation in breath training, and enough time should be given to recover SO2

[en] The beam diagnostic system for the 800 MeV synchrotron radiation facility is described here. A new type of monitor, a stripline and gap combined monitor, for both position and current is presented

[en] Sr_0.75Ba_0.25Nb₂O₆ (SBN75) thin films were deposited on silicon substrate with MgO (100) or TiN (100) buffer layer by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering technique. X-ray diffraction confirmed that a 900 deg. C annealed SBN self-buffer layer introduced before SBN deposition can lead to the highly c-axis orientation of SBN75 thin film on MgO buffer layer. Energy-dispersive spectrometry analysis showed that the SBN75 films had target-film composition transfer and the TiN buffer layer was partially oxidized during SBN growth. The refractive index of SBN films on both MgO/Si and TiN/Si substrates was determined by fitting the measured reflectance curves with Sellmeier dispersion model in the visible region and the micro-structures were studied by scanning electron microscopy. In this paper, the conditions for SBN/MgO/Si treated as waveguide structure were also discussed.