[en] As encapsulation glasses for a-SiC:H cells, Yb"3"+/Ce"3"+-Er"3"+ tri-doped ZBLA fluoride glasses were prepared using the high temperature melt-quenching method and the optical characteristic of the glass were measured. Depending on the nature of rare earth doped ZBLA fluoride glasses, both near infrared (low-energy) and ultraviolet (high-energy) solar photons can be transformed into visible photons. By downshifting the ultraviolet (280–350 nm) light combined with upconverting the near infrared (900–1100 nm) light, the glass can emit strong visible (500–700 nm) light, which matches well with the spectral responsivity of a-SiC:H cells. The conversion of non-absorption photons energies by upconversion and downshifting leads to promote the improvement of a-SiC:H cells performances, and measurement shows relatively increase of 7.6%–0.8% in cell efficiencies. - Highlights: • Yb"3"+-Ce"3"+-Er"3"+ tri-doped ZBLA fluoride glasses have been prepared. • An efficient energy transfer can occur from Yb"3"+ and Ce"3"+ ions to Er"3"+ ions. • Both ultraviolet and near-infrared photons can be converted into visible photons. • A-SiC:H cell efficiency is effectively raised by encapsulated with RE-ZBLA glass. • The emission of glasses matched well with the spectral response of a-SiC:H cell.

[en] Two experiments of laser-driven methane jet are performed on a petawatt laser, and the X-ray emitted is used to backlight small-size metal objects with SCCD (scintillator screen + CCD camera). Converters with different thicknesses are chosen considering the temperature of hot electrons which is evaluated both by the empirical formula and by the particle-in-cell (PIC) code. The X-ray energies of 377 keV and 130 keV are estimated by the two methods respectively. Consequently, converters with 1.3 mm and 0.8 mm thicknesses are chosen. Photon energies of 49 keV and 92 keV are obtained by grayscale curves os aluminum and copper step-wedges in the second experiment. It is demonstrated that the photon energy deduced from the PIC code agrees with the experimental result. (authors)

[en] X-ray lateral migration radiography (LMR) is a new form of backscatter imaging that utilizes both multiple-scatter and single-scatter photons detected by large area detectors, which contain the information such as the shape and subsurface flaws of objects. The LMR method has been used to detect the landmine. MCNP5 has been used to simulate X-ray photons scattering process in varying dimension of Fe, TNT and TNT with air flaws from a LMR simulation setting. The relations between the scattering photons intensity and equivalent the atomic number as well as the dimension of objects were analyzed, and these relations are the foundation of the LMR methods. The condition and ability of materials under soil diagnosed by the LRM method are obtained. (authors)

[en] Microspherical polyaniline/graphene (PANI/G-MS) composites are synthesized using sheet-like polyaniline/graphene oxide (PANI/GO) composites as raw materials via spray-drying and chemical reduction process, in which the granulated polyaniline (PANI) is in-situ grown on the surface of graphene oxide. For PANI/G-MS composites, PANI uniformly coats on the surface of graphene which can constitute a high conductive network to accelerate electronic transmission in the composites electrode for supercapacitors. Moreover, PANI/G-MS composites form numerous channels among their spherical particles during random stacking of sheet-like PANI/GO composites via spray-drying process. Due to the special structure, the electrochemical capacitance of the as-synthesized PANI/G-MS composite reaches 596.2 and 447.5 F g⁻¹ at a current density of 0.5 and 20 A g⁻¹, respectively, indicating superior rate capability. Additionally, after 1500 cycles at a current density of 2 A g⁻¹, 83.7% of the initial capacitance is retained.

[en] The GEM is a novel detector with high gain,high time and location resolution. Imitating the structure of the GEM, a thick GEM-like multiplier which has the similar function with that of the GEM is designed and manufactured. The characteristics of the thick GEM-like multiplier increasing electron energy deposition in absorbing medium has been experimentally studied. The results indicate that the energy deposition gain of x-ray photoelectron in medium is apparent, and the maximum energy deposition can increase by more than 40%. Some suggestions of further increasing the energy deposition are given, and the future application of the way of increasing the x-ray photoelectron energy deposition by the thick GEM-like multiplier in hard x-ray imaging is prospected. (authors)

[en] We report on the measurement of the laser–rf phase jitter in a photocathode rf gun with femtosecond precision. In this experiment four laser pulses with equal separation are used to produce electron bunch trains; then the laser–rf phase jitter is obtained by measuring the variations of the electron bunch spacing with an rf deflector. Furthermore, we show that when the gun and the deflector are powered by the same rf source, it is possible to obtain the laser–rf phase jitter in the gun through measurement of the beam–rf phase jitter in the deflector. Based on these measurements, we propose an effective time-stamping method that may be applied in MeV ultrafast electron diffraction facilities to enhance the temporal resolution.

[en] By studying uranium metallogenic character, it is pointed out that the uranium mineralization in this area is controlled jointly by migmatite zone of metamorphic schist, transitional facies of the granite body edge, later veins, structural system and hydrothermal alteration. The prospecting criteria in this area of uranium, such as rock marks, structural sign, altered signs and radiological signs, were pointed out. It is indicated that the key regions which could be found altered cataclastic rock type uranium deposits in Qimantage area are the edges of granites both sides of Qimantage backbone fault. (authors)

[en] The paleo-landmass and its margin are important uranium metallogenic regions. Statistics show that 47% uranium deposits are located in the paleo-landmass or its margin in China. In response to these phenomena,a series of data investigation have been carried out to preliminarily summarize the relationship between paleo-landmass and uranium mineralization. On one hand, the paleo-landmass is believed to be the oldest mature crust and has the high uranium content Which can provide the material source for uranium mineralization. On the other hand, there existed significant crust-mantle circulation and frequent magmatic-hydrothermal activities around the paleo-landmass which are favorable for uranium mineralization. These factors make the paleo-landmass and its margins become the uranium concentration area and control the space-time distribution of uranium deposits to some extent. (authors)

[en] Based on the former efforts and data of uranium geology and exploration in China, the technique idea and operation process was developed for the potential evaluation of uranium resource in accordance with the technique request and guideline of 'National potential evaluation of mineral resource' project, which has played an important role in ensuring the standardization of the evaluation work and result quality. (authors)

[en] The effects of X-ray scattering on areal density measurement results and an expression of measurement results deviation are obtained with a qualitative analysis. The effects at different photographic layout, energy sources and material types are studied using Monte-Carlo method. The simulation results show that without protective windows, the scattering from the object would reduce the measurement results; with protective windows, the front window scattering has little effects on the measurement results, and the effects of back window scattering are related to the sample-scintillator distance, the shorter the distance is, the greater the effects are; in a certain energy range, the lower the energy of photon is, the larger the measurement result error is; the bigger the atomic number and density of the object are, the larger the measurement result error is. (authors)