[en] A scheme is presented which leads from the many-body Schroedinger equation by use of time-dependent perturbation theory at zero temperature for a weak coupling between the intrinsic and collective coordinates of a nucleus via the reduced Liouville equation to a collective Schroedinger equation. The resulting collective Hamiltonian, Hsub(c), contains the frictional force in the nonlinear term and the quantum fluctuations in the nonhermitean term. The conservative part of Hsub(c) contains the kinetic energy, the conservative potential, and a correction potential. During the course of derivation, microscopic expressions for the friction and diffusion constants and the correction potential emerge. Solutions of the time-dependent Schroedinger equation with the Hamiltonian Hsub(c) for up to quadratic conservative potentials are ordinary Gaussian wave packects which travel along classical damped trajectories, spread like Fokker-Planck distribution functions and conserve the norm. The theory is applied to the problem of radiation damping. For deep-inelastic heavy-ion scattering, a two dimensional numerical solution of a simplified version of Hsub(c) with a realistic conservative potential, constant friction and vanishing diffusion constants is presented. For a trajectory with energy slightly above barrier, the wave packet splits up into a reflected and a transmitted part. (author)

[en] The results of the analysis of a large amount of experimental data on the variance of the energy distributions of fission fragments are presented. It is shown that for heavy nuclei this quantity depends strongly on Z and on the fissility parameter of the initial nucleus. It is pointed out that the calculations within the framework of the existing theories and fission models do not give a satisfactory description of the regularities of the data. (P.L.)

[en] Large amplitude collective motion in fission and heavy ion reactions is studied by solving the classical equations of motion for the time evolution of the nuclear shape. It is shown that by using the generalized surface energy obtained on the basis of the requirement that two semi-infinite slabs of constant density nuclear matter have minimum energy at zero separation one can reproduce the heavy ion elastic scattering. (P.L.)

[en] The nuclear charge transition densities of the giant E1 and E2 resonances in ⁹⁰Zr are calculated in the framework of the semimicroscopic model. It is shown that the calculated excitation form-factors agree well with the experimental data. (P.L.)

[en] A method for gaining cross sections from TDHF results is described briefly. A metric is defined for parameter-dependent wave functions leading to a geometrical description of collective motion. It is shown that the real and imaginary parts of the TDHF Hamiltonian provide a collective algebra. (P.L.)

[en] The known features of heavy ion collisions in the conventional energy intervals are summarized on a ''phase-diagram''. The ''hot spot'' mechanisms supposed to be capable to describe reactions at 100 MeVA in near central and more peripheral reactions are explained in some detail. (P.L.)

[en] In order to include initial correlations in the transport theory of dissipative collisions the authors introduce an explicitly time-dependent dynamical potential in the relative motion. Consequences of the initial correlations are discussed. The resulting Fokker-Planck equation is applied to compound-nucleus formation and dissipative collisions. The possible existence and some characteristic features of a long-living component of dissipative collisions are studied. (author)

[en] A summary is given on an investigation of the giant monopole excitation in heavy nuclei using α and d scattering of energies up to 43 MeV/nucleon. For α scattering from ²⁰⁸Pb the energy dependence of giant resonance excitations was studied for incident energies between 100 and 172 MeV. Relative to the excitation of the giant quadrupole resonance located at 10.9 MeV the resonance at 13.8 MeV was found to be much stronger excited at higher incident α energies. Differential cross sections are presented for α and d scattering which are compared to microscopic DWBA calculations. Several models were applied to the monopole excitation, some of them yield cross sections which are not consistent with the data. The use of different transition densities indicates a strong sensitivity of the monopole cross section to details of the excitation mechanism. (author)

[en] It is demonstrated that it is possible to identify the high energy part of the neutron spectrum with the process of quasi-free PEP emission for the reaction ¹²C+¹⁵⁸Gd at 152 MeV. The possible role of other mechanisms (hot spot, friction) is also discussed. (P.L.)

[en] Lambda binding energies, changes of nucleon radii and quadrupole deformations are studied using a central Gaussian Λ-N interaction with varying ranges and Majorana exchange component. A dependence of these parameters on the Majorana component and their insensitivity to the ranges are pointed out. (P.L.)