Currículo na Educação Infantil

O currículo na educação infantil deve contemplar as competências específicas da primeira etapa da educação básica e através das habilidades propostas a serem desenvolvidas pela criança a Base Nacional Comum Curricular deve articular-se de forma integrada a cada direito de aprendizagem e a cada campo de experiência. O currículo deve ser usado como um dos elementos da proposta pedagógica da escola e dentro dele devemos entender a educação infantil como a construtora de uma sociedade com mais equidade, solidariedade e empatia. O currículo deve ser pensado como um elemento da proposta pedagógica, e observando por esse viés devemos perceber que o Projeto Político Pedagógico é de extrema importância para a formação do currículo. Esse documento não pode se resumir apenas em algo obrigatório ele deve ser um documento vivo e deve ser modificado sempre que houver necessidade. Ele não deve se limitar apenas na parte estrutural da escola ele deve conter valores, crenças, concepções, filosofia, história da instituição, intenções, desejos e principalmente através dele formar a identidade da escola através das dimensões do cuidar e do educar.

O cuidar e o educar devem estar presentes na formação do currículo para educação infantil, essas duas ações são indissociáveis e devem ser levadas em consideração no momento da aprendizagem. O acolhimento, o afeto e a segurança que fazem parte do cuidar e o desenvolvimento integral que envolve as experiências cognitivas, afetivas, sociais e culturais que fazem parte do educar são fatores que na primeira infância devem ser trabalhados com previsões dentro do PPP, ou seja, planejar metodologias, tempos, espaços, materiais e planejar as avaliações, lembrando que o Projeto Político Pedagógico deve ser trabalhado de forma flexível e nunca de forma engessada.

 Devemos ter em mente que a criança deve estar inserida dentro do PPP no nível local que diz respeito às condições da família e estar inserida no nível planetário que diz respeito às condições humanas e as relações com o meio ambiente. O papel da escola de acordo com o PPP é fazer com que a criança se aproprie dos conceitos, procedimentos e atitudes que as tornem seres com mais autonomia. O Professor deve ter um conhecimento sólido e cientifico e nunca de natureza de senso comum, o Projeto Político Pedagógico também prevê a formação continuada do corpo docente e discente. O professor deve expor no PPP os seus projetos pedagógicos, as suas sequências didáticas e as oficinas que vão ser realizadas ao longo do ano letivo podendo ser alteradas assim que houver necessidades.

O Projeto Político Pedagógico tem que valorizar os interesses dos sujeitos inseridos nos diversos contextos sociais, culturais e econômicos dentro da instituição e um de seus objetivos é construir uma realidade mais sustentável para a vida em sociedade. Além disso, ele deve ter o embasamento e estar estruturado nos documentos normativos entre eles a Constituição Federal, a Base Nacional Comum Curricular, a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação, o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente entre outros. O currículo também deve estar de acordo com a democracia, ou seja, ter uma gestão democrática e participativa deve fazer parte do cotidiano da instituição. Potencializar a escuta e as ideias das crianças e tomar decisões a partir das curiosidades e interesses delas faz toda a diferença quando falamos de coletivo, esse processo formativo exige a participação de todos os envolvidos, devemos criar uma pedagogia participativa, ou seja, descentralizar a imagem do adulto e dar protagonismo e autonomia para as crianças.

O PPP também trás uma proposta de registro e observação, ou seja, todas as atividades realizadas na instituição devem ser expostas e dessa forma fazer com que as crianças se apropriem de suas experiências, vivências e de sua escola. Devemos valorizar as produções das crianças e deixar a estética adulta de lado. As produções devem estar sempre ao alcance das crianças de preferência em paredes baixas, dessa forma o protagonismo delas sempre será levado em conta. A observação permite que o professor reavalie suas práticas e faça um replanejamento de seus projetos e planos de aula. Através da observação o docente pode fazer os seus registros com olhares de intencionalidade, investigação e senso de pesquisa. Para fazer um bom registro ele deve selecionar o que é realmente importante e nesses registros o professor tem que perceber a evolução coletiva e individual da turma para que ele possa fazer intervenções. Na educação infantil não há avaliação de retenção, classificação ou de comparação, se avalia para verificar a evolução integral da criança e com essa atitude perceber que cidadãos queremos formar para atuar na sociedade.

O processo de avaliação deve acompanhar a construção dos conhecimentos das crianças, o professor deve pensar quem são os seus “alunos”. Ele não pode propor experiência sem pensar nas crianças e ele deve sempre ter em mente que o planejamento que ele realiza já é uma avaliação. Ao final de cada avaliação o professor deve refletir quantas experiências partiram dele e quantas experiências partiram das crianças e ao mesmo tempo ele deve compreender que a criança é o centro avaliativo. Devemos ter a ciência que toda avaliação é dual, sempre vai existir um avaliador e um avaliado. A autonomia está ligada a avaliação, não se avalia na educação infantil para dizer se a criança fez ou não fez, a avaliação requer a promoção de melhores estratégias para que as atividades que não deram certo possam ser reavaliadas e expostas para as crianças de outra forma. Sendo assim, devemos sempre ter em mente que todos os processos que envolvem a educação infantil são de extrema importância para o desenvolvimento integral de nossas crianças sem eles não teríamos um norte para podermos dar continuidade as nossas práticas pedagógicas.

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