In 2016, an American woman flew into Puerto Vallarta, Mexico on vacation—but was refused entry and sent home. Mexican authorities at the airport told her they wouldn't accept her passport card as sufficient proof of documentation. And while this story is unfortunate, to be sure, it's not the first time there has been a mix-up over what a U.S. passport card will—and won't—allow you to do. Here's what you need to know:
What is a passport card, exactly?
It's a wallet-sized plastic card (think the size of a driver's license) that was "designed for the specific needs of northern and southern U.S. border communities with residents that cross the border frequently by land." It's been in production since July 14, 2008. Each passport card is valid for the same amount of time as a passport: ten years for adults, and five years for minors under age 16.
Where can I use it?
A passport card only applies to land or sea travel to certain locations internationally, which is noted on the back of the card. More specifically, it can be used when entering the U.S. from Canada, Mexico, the Caribbean, and Bermuda. Despite some confusion on the part of airport employees, passport cards cannot be used for international travel by air, which means that while you may get through security in one airport, it's unlikely you'll slide through without issue everywhere you go. Also of note: Some Caribbean nations—including Guadeloupe, Martinique, Barbados, St. Barts, and St. Martin—do not accept the passport card for entry into their country, so should you be traveling there by ship, confirm with your cruise line ahead of time what documents you need.
What are the benefits of having one?
Essentially, these cards are more convenient. Though an American passport can get you into 185 countries by ship, plane, train, or car, passport cards are smaller, cheaper ($65 for adults; $50 for minors under 16), and more portable.
How do I apply for a passport card?
You'll use the same form that you would use to apply for a passport book—either a DS-11 or DS-82. On the form, you indicate that you're applying for a passport card by checking the appropriate box. Much like with a passport application process, you'll have to provide documents that establish your U.S. citizenship and identity. The application processing time is roughly the same as it is for a passport: at present, six weeks from the time of application.
How do I receive one?
If you're only applying for a passport card and not a passport and a passcard, you'll receive the card via First Class Mail, as the Bureau of Consular Affairs does not use 1-2 day delivery services for passport cards.
How secure is it?
Passport cards are laser-engraved, and various security features like holograms, layered art, and specialized fonts minimize the possibility of forgery. Each card has a radio frequency identification (RFID) chip, which, instead of storing personal information, contains a unique number linked to a record within government databases. Each card is also issued with—and should be kept in—a protective sleeve that prevents the card from being read when not in use.
