Research on fish oil for ADHD symptoms is mixed. While some studies say that it may improve symptoms, others have found no improvement. More high quality studies are needed to confirm.
Research has found that children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have lower levels of omega-3 polyunsaturated acids (PUFAs) compared to children of the same age without ADHD.
Omega-3 PUFAs are crucial nutrients for brain development and functioning.
Because people cannot produce omega-3 PUFAs, they are gained through foods like salmon or supplements in the form of a liquid, capsule, or pill.
Keep in mind that fish oil is not a replacement for medication and behavioral therapy. Also, lower levels of PUFAs do not cause ADHD.
Researchers have studied fish oil as a potential method to improve symptoms of ADHD because it contains two important omega-3 PUFAs:
- eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)
- docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)
EPA and DHA are heavily concentrated in the brain and contribute to protecting neurons.
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However, newer research is mixed, and several other studies have found no improvement in symptoms.
A 2023 review of studies in children and adolescents with ADHD found that there was only low-certainty evidence for PUFAs improving ADHD symptoms.
The same study found that there was high certainty evidence that PUFAs did not improve:
- attention
- hyperactivity
- impulsivity
Another 2023 review of studies found that, overall, omega-3 PUFAs did not significantly improve ADHD symptoms.
However, the researchers found that in studies that were at least 4 months long, omega-3 PUFAs were more effective than the placebo.
More high quality studies of greater duration are needed to verify the effects of fish oil on ADHD.
Other health benefits of fish oil
While the research on fish oil for ADHD is mixed, it does have general health benefits. Fish oil can:
- boost your immune system
- protect your heart and liver
promote wound healing
Even though fish oil is available over the counter, it is important to talk with your doctor before starting. This is especially important if you are allergic to fish or shellfish.
Your doctor will be able to identify any medications that may interact with fish oil. They can also take your individual needs into consideration when deciding if taking fish oil is appropriate for you.
While some studies have found that fish oil may have some effect on ADHD symptoms, the research is mixed, and higher quality studies are needed.
However, fish oil is linked to other general health benefits, such as protecting your heart and liver and boosting your immune system.
Speak with your doctor about the best treatment plan for ADHD and to learn whether adding fish oil supplements would be beneficial for you.