Jean Claude NTAWIGIRA’s Post

Cable bolts are a vital component in underground mining for stabilizing rock formations and ensuring the safety of mining operations. Here are some key aspects of cable bolts: Structure and Composition: Cable bolts are long, flexible steel cables, typically made of multiple strands twisted together . They are fully grouted into boreholes, providing reinforcement over a larger area compared to traditional rock bolts. Installation Process Drilling: Boreholes are drilled into the rock where the cable bolts will be installed. Grouting: The cables are inserted into the boreholes and then grouted in place using a cementitious or resin grout. Anchoring: The ends of the cable bolts are anchored using steel plates and wedges to ensure they remain securely in place. Applications Cable bolts are used to stabilize large excavations, such as tunnels, stopes, and intersections, where traditional rock bolts may not provide sufficient support. They are particularly effective in high-stress environments and areas with poor rock quality. Advantages: Flexibility: Cable bolts can be installed in various orientations and lengths, making them adaptable to different geological conditions. Strength: They provide high tensile strength and can support significant loads, enhancing the stability of underground structures. Durability: When properly installed and grouted, cable bolts offer long-term stability and resistance to environmental factors3. Mechanized Installation: Modern underground mines often use mechanized cable bolting machines, which improve safety and efficiency by reducing manual handling and exposure to hazardous conditions. Cable bolts are an essential tool in the mining industry, providing robust support and enhancing the safety of underground operations.

The objective of stemming in blasting is to enhance the containment of the energy released during the blasting process. Stemming is an often underestimated and disregarded aspect within the mining and quarrying sector. Broadly, the process for stemming design should follow these steps: 1. Determine the suitable stemming length using design guidelines, scaled depth of burial calculations, and geological insights from the specific site. 2. Choose an appropriate stemming material of the correct size and type (ranging between 1/8th to 1/10th of the hole diameter). 3. To elevate stemming effectiveness, select a suitable stemming device, such as a Varistem stemming plug or equivalent. These devices are not all the same, as you can see in the video. 4. Place significant emphasis on rigorous QAQC (Quality Assurance/Quality Control) practices during charging to ensure the designed stemming length is accurately executed. Prioritizing these aspects will undoubtedly lead to enhanced blasting outcomes through improved energy containment, and the benefits come at a fraction of the cost of the consequences of poor stemming. Mining# Quarry worker# Drill and Blast# 

Blasting in mining and tunnelling involves the use of explosives to break rock and excavate materials. In mining, blasting is primarily used to fragment rock to extract valuable minerals, often requiring precise control to maximise ore recovery while minimising dilution and damage to the surrounding rock. In tunnelling, the primary objective of blasting is to create underground passages and spaces, necessitating careful design to ensure stability and safety of the tunnel structure. While both applications require detailed planning, controlled blasting techniques, and safety measures, mining focuses on material extraction efficiency, whereas tunnelling emphasises creating a stable, navigable underground route. One steap ahead MINESUR INGENIERÍA, SLU VOLADURAS CARMONA, S.A. Geognosia SL GAIA EXPLORACION Qualifica2, S.L. EcoCastulum EPC Groupe MAXAM Orica Sandvik Contratistas Mineros

This machine appears to be an underground mining loader, possibly a type of LHD (Load-Haul-Dump) vehicle, commonly used in mining operations for material handling and mucking. It is designed to transport ore and debris in narrow, underground spaces, such as tunnels. The compact design allows it to access hard-to-reach areas in the mine, collect material, and deposit it in haulage vehicles or designated areas. LHDs are versatile machines that can perform multiple tasks, including: Mucking and Haulage: Removing blasted material from the face and transporting it. Cleaning: Clearing paths and areas within the mine of debris and loose material. Ore Handling: Moving ore from working faces to loading points or processing areas. If this particular machine is used specifically for cleaning, it might be outfitted with attachments or systems to manage waste and loose materials efficiently. Regular maintenance is crucial for such machines to ensure optimal performance, especially under harsh mining conditions.

Tatenda Nyagumbo writes; When designing or using an ore hoisting system for small-scale mining, several key considerations ensure efficient and safe operation. 1. Hoist Components Ropes Strong, durable ropes are critical for the hoisting system's safety and efficiency. Materials such as steel cables are commonly used for their tensile strength. Winders Winders are the machines that wind and unwind the ropes. Their design and capacity should match the depth of the mine and the required speed. Electric Motors These drive the winder and control the hoisting mechanism. It’s important to select a motor with the right power and torque to handle the expected load. 2. Hoist Type Windlass Hoists A simple, manually operated or motorized hoist used for relatively small-scale operations. These systems can be suitable for shallower mines or lower throughput operations. Single Drum Hoists These are more commonly used in modern small-scale mining. They use a single drum for winding and unwinding the rope and can handle larger loads than windlass hoists. Double Drum Hoists In deeper or more demanding operations, double drum hoists offer higher capacity and more control over the load. 3. Hoist Capacity Load Capacity The hoisting system should be designed to handle more than the mine's expected throughput. This includes not only ore but also personnel and equipment. Typically, hoists are designed with a factor of safety to prevent overload. Depth and Distance The design must account for the mine's depth and the distance the hoist will need to transport material or people. Deeper mines or larger mines require more powerful hoisting systems. 4. Maintenance Ease of Maintenance The hoisting system should be easy to maintain with accessible components and clear maintenance schedules. Frequent inspections of ropes, motors, and brakes are critical to prevent failure. Spare Parts and Availability For small-scale mines, it’s essential to have spare parts readily available, as hoist failures can lead to production stoppages. 5. Hoist Reliability Safety Features A reliable hoisting system must be equipped with safety mechanisms such as overload protection, automatic braking systems, and emergency stops to ensure the safety of workers and prevent accidents. Durability Since the hoist will undergo continuous use, it should be built for durability and be able to operate in harsh mining environments with minimal downtime.

Unite Mucking Loader #mining #Minera #muckingloader

A jaw crusher is a type of primary crusher used in the mining, construction, and demolition industries to reduce large rocks, ores, and materials into smaller, more manageable sizes. It operates based on a simple design and mechanical principle of using compressive force to break materials. ▶ Applications - Mining: Crushing of ores and large rocks. - Construction: Reducing the size of construction debris, such as concrete and asphalt. - Recycling: Crushing of materials for recycling purposes. - Aggregate Production: Preparing materials for further processing in secondary or tertiary crushers. 🏆 Advantages - Simple Structure: Easy to maintain and repair. - High Crushing Efficiency: Capable of crushing hard materials. - Adjustable Discharge Size: Flexibility in achieving desired material size. - Durability: Built to withstand heavy-duty operations. 👨🔧 Maintenance Tips 1. Regular Inspection: Check wear parts like jaw plates, toggle plates, and bearings regularly. 2. Lubrication: Ensure proper lubrication of moving parts to reduce wear. 3. Adjustment: Periodically adjust the discharge opening to maintain consistent output size and efficiency. With a professional technical team and rich industry experience, SEH is capable of providing customers with a one-stop solution for production line design, equipment installation, and technical services, ensuring the smooth implementation of each project. 👍

The Unmatched Performance of Mucking Loaders in Mining Operations A mucking loader, also referred to as a muck loader or rock loader, is an essential piece of equipment used in underground mining to load and transport rock, ore, and other materials. A typical mucking loader consists of a boom with a bucket at the end, a crawler chassis for maneuverability in tight spaces, and an operator cabin for controlling the machine. The operator utilizes joysticks or other controls from the cabin to operate the loader. To load materials, the operator positions the loader near the desired location and lowers the bucket to the ground. The loader is then driven forward to scoop up the material, which can include rock, ore, or other materials found on the mine floor. Once the bucket is filled, the operator raises the boom to lift the material off the ground. The loaded mucking loader can then be driven to the designated dumping area, such as a haulage truck or a conveyor belt. To unload the material, the operator tilts the bucket to dump it into a truck, conveyor, or stockpile. Some mucking loaders even have the capability to rotate the bucket for precise dumping. Safety is a top priority, and mucking loaders are equipped with emergency stop buttons, safety lights, and alarms to ensure the well-being of the operator and other personnel in the vicinity. Haggloaders are versatile machines that excel in tight spaces and challenging underground conditions. They are commonly used in narrow tunnels, shafts, and other confined areas where larger equipment cannot efficiently operate. By swiftly and effectively loading and transporting materials, haggloaders significantly enhance the efficiency of underground mining operations. They reduce the need for manual labor and increase productivity. Overall, mucking loaders play a vital role in underground mining operations by efficiently loading and transporting materials, contributing to the smooth flow of operations, and ensuring the safety of workers in underground environments. #mining #MUCKINGLOADER #Minera

In open-pit mining, bench parameters refer to the dimensions and characteristics of the steps or terraces that are cut into the earth to access the ore body. These parameters are critical for ensuring the safety, efficiency, and economic viability of the operation. The main bench parameters include: 1. Bench Height - The vertical distance between the top of one bench and the top of the next lower bench. It typically depends on the type of equipment used, safety regulations, and the stability of the material being mined. - Common heights range from 5 to 15 meters, but in larger operations, they can go as high as 30 meters. 2. Bench Width - The horizontal distance from the slope face to the next step (bench). It is crucial for providing space for equipment to operate safely. - Bench widths are often determined based on the size of the haul trucks or other machinery used in the operation. Typically, it is greater than or equal to the width of the largest equipment in use. 3. Bench Slope (or Batter Angle) - The angle of the bench slope, measured from the horizontal. This angle is crucial for maintaining slope stability and minimizing the risk of landslides or slope failures. - Typically, steeper slopes are used in hard rock mining (up to 70° or 80°), while gentler slopes are employed in softer materials (around 30°–40°). 4. Overall Slope Angle - This is the angle measured from the top of the pit to the bottom, considering multiple benches. It is a critical factor in the overall pit design and must account for stability, material strength, and safety regulations. 5. Bench Face Angle - This refers to the angle of the actual rock face between two benches. It is usually steeper than the overall slope angle and can range from 60° to 90°, depending on rock properties. 6. Bench Width to Height Ratio - To ensure stability, the width-to-height ratio of benches must be considered. In unstable or weak materials, a higher width-to-height ratio is preferred. 7. Safety Berms - Horizontal safety berms are included on the benches to catch falling rocks and to provide a margin of safety for vehicles and personnel. Proper bench design is essential to ensure a balance between maximizing ore recovery and minimizing operational risks.

what did you understand by BCM and its application. BCM stands for Bank Cubic Meter, a unit of volume measurement used in mining and earthmoving industries. It refers to the volume of material in its natural state before it is excavated or blasted. Key Aspects of BCM: 1. Definition: One Bank Cubic Meter (BCM) is the volume of material (soil, rock, etc.) in its undisturbed, natural state before any mining or excavation activities have taken place. This contrasts with Loose Cubic Meter (LCM) or Compacted Cubic Meter (CCM), which refer to material after excavation or after compaction, respectively. 2. Applications: BCM is commonly used to estimate the volume of material to be removed during excavation, drilling, blasting, and other mining or construction activities. It helps in calculating how much volume needs to be processed and the equipment required to handle it. 3. Volume Changes: Once material is excavated, it expands (called swell), meaning that 1 BCM becomes more than 1 cubic meter of loose material. The swell factor varies depending on the type of material and its properties. LCM (Loose Cubic Meter) is the expanded volume of material after excavation. CCM (Compacted Cubic Meter) is the volume after compaction. 4. Conversion Factors: The conversion from BCM to LCM or CCM depends on the material's swell and compaction factors, which are typically determined through testing. For instance, soil or rock that swells by 30% after excavation would mean 1 BCM equals 1.3 LCM. 5. Importance: BCM is crucial in mine planning, estimating the amount of overburden to be removed, determining blasting volumes, and calculating equipment and material handling capacities. BCM provides a standardized measurement to help plan and optimize the excavation and handling processes in mining and earthworks.