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Utilizing feedstocks with higher Sulphur content can yield profit advantages for refiners and gas producers, although accompanied by challenges such as maintaining uptime metrics and adhering to environmental regulations. Successfully meeting these conflicting demands without equipment failures is essential to achieving economic goals. A critical component susceptible to impacting uptime is the Claus waste heat boiler (WHB). Operating under harsh conditions, the WHB poses significant reliability hurdles, rendering it one of the most delicate pieces of equipment within the Sulphur recovery unit (SRU). Beyond facilitating heat recovery from the SRU's thermal section, it also influences the unit's hydrogen balance and levels of carbonyl sulfide (COS) through recombination reactions. For more information, read Optimized Gas Treating, Inc.'s article on "Claus waste heat boiler economics part 1: process considerations" #SulphurPro

Hydrogen Process Overview, The Electrolyzer stacks will be fed with Demineralized water as well as KOH solution. The step-down transformers along with the voltage rectifier will supply the electrolyzer with the required current where via the electrolysis process the Hydrogen will be produced. Between the Electrolyzer and H2 Compressors Gas Buffer need to be installed for sustaining H2 compressors operations. The Compressed H2 will be transferred to the Deoxo unit where the Deoxygenation process will take place at a certain pressure. From the Deoxo unit, the Compressed H2 will be transferred to the purification and drying units for the removal of any left moisture and other compositions. High Pressure H2 compressors will increase the H2 pressure into specified values for H2 storage and feeding this Hydrogen to the Ammonia Synthesis loop. H2 will be be synthesized with Nitrogen in a 3:1 ratio for the production of Liquid Ammonia at the Ammonia production Unit. Thanks and Best Regs 😊

When treating gas streams with both H₂S and CO₂, selective removal of H₂S while allowing partial CO₂ "slip" (typically reducing CO₂ to 2–3%) can offer significant advantages. This approach reduces solvent circulation rates, improves sulfur plant feed quality, and lowers both capital and operating costs. Achieving specified levels of CO₂ and H₂S is made possible with "formulated" solvents, often blending MDEA with a primary or secondary amine as an activator to fine-tune CO₂ absorption. Read this article by Optimized Gas Treating, Inc. for more information on modelling amine treatment using formulated solvents. #ProTreat

When operating a sealed quench furnace (SQF), you have two primary options for the atmosphere: methanol and endogas. Both have their advantages and limitations, which are crucial to consider for optimal results. # Methanol Atmosphere Methanol is a common choice for heat treatment processes, particularly for neutral hardening and carburizing. It produces a carbon-rich atmosphere that can enhance the hardening process. However, methanol has some drawbacks: 1. Carbon Content: Methanol produces a carbon-rich atmosphere, which can lead to over-carburization if not controlled properly. This can result in excessive carbon content on the surface of the part, potentially causing issues with surface finish and performance. 2. Safety Concerns: Methanol is highly flammable and can pose significant safety risks if not handled correctly. It requires careful monitoring and control to prevent fires and explosions. # Endogas Atmosphere Endogas, on the other hand, is a mixture of gases produced through an endothermic reaction. It typically consists of 40% hydrogen and 60% nitrogen. Endogas offers several benefits: 1. Controlled Atmosphere: Endogas provides a controlled atmosphere that can be tailored to specific heat treatment processes. It is less prone to over-carburization and can help achieve more consistent results[3]. 2. Safety: Endogas is generally safer to use than methanol due to its lower flammability and reduced risk of fires and explosions[4]. #Choosing Between Methanol and Endogas For a sealed quench furnace, endogas is often the preferred choice due to its controlled atmosphere and reduced safety risks. However, if you need to achieve a specific carbon profile or require a more aggressive hardening process, methanol might be a better option. It is essential to carefully consider the specific requirements of your process and the potential risks associated with each atmosphere. By carefully evaluating your process requirements and following proper safety protocols, you can achieve optimal results with either methanol or endogas in your sealed quench furnace.

In this application the customer was searching for an accurate flowmeter with a high dynamic range for ammonia dosing. By installing the #coriolis mass #flowmeter OPTIMASS 6400, the ammonia injection in the Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) process of a coal-fired power plant could be controlled and dosed precisely. Furthermore, the condensate formation during the gas flow measurement could be indicated. #Dosing #GasFlowMeasurement #IndustrialSolutions

The Claus Waste Heat Boiler (WHB) plays a vital role within a Sulphur Recovery Unit (SRU), serving as a crucial heat transfer mechanism for energy recuperation. Lately, operators of Sulphur plants have noted an uptick in WHB failures, potentially due to factors like oxygen enrichment and aggressive operating conditions. As a result, the WHB has emerged as a vulnerable component within the SRU, prompting a heightened focus on both its design and operational aspects. Discussions are underway regarding the implementation of new performance criteria aimed at constraining the mass flux of future WHB designs, yet caution is warranted as this approach might oversimplify the issue. For more information, read Optimized Gas Treating, Inc.'s paper on "Factors Affecting Claus Waste Heat Boiler Design and Operation" #SulphurPro

To be able to biochemically convert the organic matter in the wastewater into biomass and carbon dioxide, the aeration basin must be supplied with oxygen. The aeration process accounts for around 70% of the wastewater treatment plant's total electricity consumption. In order to substantially increase operational safety and efficiency, the plant operator recently extensively modernised the aeration system and also replaced the aerators. #waterindustry #watermanagement #watertreatmentplant #watertreatmentsystem #processinstrumentation #flowmeter #wastewatermanagement #wastewater

Oil refining consistently produces sour water from various sources within the refinery. In most cases, the refinery's sour water contains minimal CO2. The "sour" characteristic of the water comes from its H2S content, which can reach very high levels. Ammonia solutions can absorb H2S due to ammonia’s alkalinity, which neutralizes the hydrogen ion released by H2S when dissolved in water. Although uncommon, with sufficient H2S partial pressure, the amount of H2S can exceed the ammonia concentration in the solution. To get an idea on how to reliably design sour water strippers, read this article by Optimized Gas Treating, Inc. #ProTreat

🌍 Explore the transformative benefits of ammonium chloride in acid stimulation! 🌍 From enhancing corrosion protection and boosting acid reactivity to regulating temperatures and promoting sustainability, discover how this versatile additive optimizes oil and gas production processes. 🌟 Dive into each slide to uncover the advantages and see why ammonium chloride is essential for maximizing efficiency and yields in energy operations. Ready to elevate your production strategies? Let's connect and discuss how we can achieve your goals together! #OilandGas #EnhancedOilRecovery #AcidStimulation #EnergyEfficiency #SustainableEnergy

🔍 Understanding Steam Calculations: A Simple Example 🔍 Steam plays a critical role in many industries, from power generation to chemical processing. Here's a quick example of a fundamental steam calculation to illustrate its importance: Example: How much heat is required to produce 5 kg of saturated steam at 10 bar starting from water at 30°C? Solution: 1️⃣ Initial State: Water at 30°C (enthalpy = 125.8 kJ/kg). 2️⃣ Final State: Saturated steam at 10 bar (enthalpy = 2776.2 kJ/kg). 3️⃣ Heat Required: Using the formula: Q = m (h2 - h1) Q = 5 (2776.2 - 125.8) = 13,252 kJ Result: To produce 5 kg of saturated steam at 10 bar from water at 30°C, 13,252 kJ of heat is required. 🌟 Why is this important? Accurate steam calculations are crucial for optimizing energy use, reducing costs, and enhancing operational efficiency in industrial processes. Let’s discuss: How do you approach steam calculations in your projects? #ChemicalEngineering #Steam #Thermodynamics #ProcessOptimization