¿Cuáles son las mejores prácticas para diseñar edificios solares pasivos en la arquitectura sostenible?

Undoubtedly, checking the climate of the location of the project is the first and biggest step for a sustainable design. The next step is to know the building materials available in the nature of that area. By using the knowledge of the climate and examining the samples designed in the desired area, a sustainable design with the highest efficiency can be achieved, and by using natural materials and the design of detailed details, this design can be realized.

Further, where the longest wall faces south (Northern hemisphere) and north (Southern hemisphere), the adjacent shorter end sides minimizes undesired western sun which causes overheating and glare issues and morning eastern sun that causes glare issues. The opposing side i.e. the northern side in the northern hemisphere is the shaded side (and visa versa in the Southern hemisphere). This shaded side is prioritized for non-living activities, such as storerooms, stairs, corridors, and bathrooms, and glazing area also minimized to limit heat loss. Where it is not possible to utilize the ideal orientation the focus must be on minimizing cooling loads and maximizing heating loads.

This is incorrect. Where thermal mass is integrated into say walls or floors they do not lead to overheating because the way in which they influence thermal comfort is via the mechanism of radiative heating and cooling. In practical terms, surfaces of thermally heavy interior building elements, never exceed 36 degrees centigrade degrees (98 Fahrenheit) and therefore do not contribute to the warming of a human body. However, the problem with utilizing thermal mass in the thermal comfort strategy for the building, is that in winter they are prone to make occupants feel too cold. Thus there is a fine balance that is required when designing the ideal quantity and location of thermal mass!

An additional innovative insulation strategy, especially with regard to roof insulation is to to actually draw ventilation air in through the mass of insulation and into the building. In this approach, the heat that is both "convecting" and conducting its way out of the roof through the bulk insulation and to the cooler external air, or night time "sky temperature", is carried back into the building interior. This design requires a perforated plenum with a slight negative pressure to allow air to infiltrated through the roofing membrane, through the bulk insulation and to flow, at extremely low volumetric flow rates, into the building, and or, into an integrated heat recovery ventilation system.

Additional considerations for natural lighting: 1. Ceiling, wall and floor treatment to promote light refection. 2. External louvers to minimize summer cooling and winter heating. 3. External louvers to provide protection from glare and UV. 4. Incorporate special glazing units, especially in top lights, with Fresnel lens engraved. These refract light horizontally thus allowing greater penetration of natural light to internal spaces. 5. Use of light shelves can also project light further into the building. 6. Building areas with little access to external windows can be provided with natural light via light tubes, skylights, and solar concentrators together with light transmitting fiber optic to pipe light around the building.

Es de suma importancia diseñar un sistema de recolección sostenible de la energía solar y su correcta distribucion en los espacios,teniendo en cuenta,lorientacion,la intensidad de emisión de energia solar,y el resto de los factores ya mencionados