[en] The empirical best linear unbiased prediction (eBLUP) is usually based on the assumption that the residual error variance (REV) is homogenous. This may be unrealistic, and therefore limits the accuracy of genotype evaluations for multi-location trials, where the REV often varies across locations. The objective of this contribution was to investigate the direct implications of the eBLUP with different considerations about REV based on the mixed model for evaluation of genotype simple effects (i.e. genotype effects at individual locations). A series of 14 multi-location trials from a rape-breeding program in the north of China were simultaneously analyzed from 2012 to 2014 using a randomized complete block design at each location. The results showed that the model with heterogeneous REV was more appropriate than the one with homogeneous REV in all of the trials according to model fitting statistics. Whether the REV differences across locations were accounted for in the analysis procedure influenced the variance estimate of related random effects and testing of the variance of genotype-location (G-L) interactions. Ignoring REV differences by use of the eBLUP could result not only in an inflation or deflation of statistical Type I error rates for pair-wise testing but also in an inaccurate ranking of genotype simple effects for these trials. Therefore, it is suggested that in application of the eBLUP for evaluation of genotype simple effects in multi-location trials, the heterogeneity of REV should be accounted for based on mixed model approaches with appropriate variance-covariance structure.

[en] The Schwinger model is solved in an arbitrary gauge and for any temperature. (author)

[en] We propose a new principle in gauge theories: namely that in a given action, fields should be replaced by gauge invariant equivalents. Using this principle we study anomalous gauge theories and find that the resulting models are anomaly free, unitary and power counting renormalizable. (author). 8 refs

[en] An X-ray fluorescence (XRF) system which uses radioisotopes in an orthogonal configuration between the source, sample, and detector is described. The advantage of such a system is that for large (bulk) samples or for in vivo measurements the background due to Compton scattering in the sample is minimized. High reproducibility for nonuniform samples is obtained by reducing the sample size and thus the effects of non-uniformity in the spatial response of such a system. Germane to any accurate analytical method is the use of proper mathematical algorithms for data evaluation. The problem is acute, in particular, when photopeaks with low counting statistics are to be analyzed. In the case of a single photopeak on flat, background optimal energy window size, which maximizes the signal-to-noise ratio, for trapezoidal intergration is described. The sensitivity and minimum detection limit at different energies together with background considerations are discussed. 13 refs., 8 figs., 2 tabs

[en] An x-ray fluorescence (XRF) technique is used to quantitate the binding of [H₂O(NH₃)₅Ru/sup II/]²⁺ to DNA. This method is shown to be more sensitive, precise and convenient than conventional optical absorption (OA) spectroscopy, differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), or atomic absorption (AA) techniques. XRF is insensitive to the oxidation state or coordination environment of the Ru, and so can be used to determine total Ru. The minimum detectable amount of Ru is 10 ng in one hour of counting time using a 100 mCi ¹²⁵I source. The specific advantages of the XRF method over the conventional methods are outlined. 10 refs., 4 figs

[en] This paper reports their results for the direct experimental determination of the equilibrium constant and its temperature dependence for the hydrogen-isotope-exchange reaction D₂(g) + H₂O(l) ↔ H₂(g) + D₂O(l). The reaction was studied in an electrochemical double cell without liquid junction of the type Pt(s)/D₂(g)/NaOD(daq,m)/HgO(s)/Hg(l)/HgO(s)/NaOH(aq,m)/H₂(g)/Pt(s), where (daq,m) denotes a D₂O solution. The experimental value of the equilibrium constant at 25.0⁰C for the reaction is K = 12.30 +/- 0.09; the experimental value of ΔS⁰ at 25.0⁰C for the reaction is -8.1 +/- 1.7 J x K^-1. The experimental results are compared with theoretical calculations within the framework of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. The comparison suggests a failure of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation of about 4% in the value of the calculated equilibrium constant for the reaction. When Kleinman and Wolfsberg's corrections for the failure of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation are taken into account, the experimental result for the equilibrium constant is in excellent agreement with the calculated value

[en] The Schwinger model is solved in an arbitrary gauge and for any temperature. (author)

[en] The authors propose a new principle in gauge theories: namely that in a given action, fields should be replaced by gauge invariant equivalents. Using this principle they study anomalous gauge theories and fing that the resulting models are anomaly free, unitary and power counting renormalizable

[en] The inclusion of transverse vertex corrections in the gauge technique, needed for the restoration of gauge covariance, results in a self-consistent equation for the source propagator spectral function which agrees with perturbation theory when expanded to order e⁴. The authors have managed to solve the equation in the infrared and ultraviolet limits, for scalar and spinor sources, in an arbitrary gauge. The gauge covariance at asymptopia is thus established. (author)

No abstract available