The Difference Between Values and Interests: Consistency vs. Subjectivity

In society, there is often a debate around values and interests, with people frequently claiming that they stand by their values. Values are deeply held beliefs that individuals feel are morally justified, such as equality, freedom of speech, or respect for human dignity. However, it is important to recognize that values can differ from person to person because there is no universal framework for values. What one person considers a core value, like freedom of expression, may be seen differently by someone else.

The key point is that people are free to have their own values, but there is a fine line between values and interests. Values are supposed to be objective and applied consistently, regardless of circumstances. When values are applied selectively or subjectively, they cease to be values and become interests influenced by personal desires or goals.

For example, if someone claims to value equal rights for all but applies this selectively—advocating for equal rights in one case but ignoring them in another—this is not a value but an interest. Values, by their nature, must be applied consistently and without bias. If a person is against capital punishment as a value, they must stand against it universally, regardless of who the criminal is. If they say they oppose capital punishment but support it in certain cases, this is not a value but an interest that varies depending on the situation.

Values are objective and must be applied equally to all. Interests, on the other hand, are shaped by personal needs or circumstances. It is possible to have values but acknowledge that you are unable to fully implement them due to external factors, like laws or societal norms. For instance, someone might be personally against capital punishment but accept that it exists in their country's justice system. While they comply with the law, they continue to express their opposition as a value.

In conclusion, values are only true values if they are applied consistently, without subjective variation. When someone applies a belief selectively or justifies it differently based on circumstances, it is an interest, not a value. Understanding the distinction between the two is crucial for ensuring that we act in line with our true principles