[en] The objective of the project is to develop participation strategies for the multilateral nuclear non-proliferation regime and the bilateral nuclear cooperation, to present promotion strategies through finding solutions in responding to international constraints, and to analyze nuclear policies and trends in some major countries. Specially, the following were performed: △ development of participation Strategies in the multilateral nuclear non-proliferation regimes, △ development of promotion strategies for bilateral nuclear cooperation, △ suggestions for overcoming international constraints in the nuclear technology development, △ analysis of nuclear policies in major countries and △ analysis of status in the North Korea nuclear issue and development of participation strategies in the denuclearization. The main achievements of these activities are followings: △ establishing an opportunity for discussion on nuclear non-proliferation led by Korea at the 2020 NPT Review Conference by conducting the study and developing the work paper on evaluation of the permanent safeguards system for countries withdrawing from the NPT, △ providing strategies for promoting ROK-US nuclear cooperation and resolving the urgent or pending issues in the cooperation by analyzing the overall progress of the ROK-US cooperation to date, producing a comprehensive document that derives future cooperation directions and proposing a strategic partnership between the two countries beyond the current issues and △ ensuring sustainability of Korea-Saudi nuclear cooperation through the establishment of the Korea-Saudi Arabia Nuclear Joint Research Center through the conclusion of a comprehensive cooperation MOU between the two governments and the conclusion of the related arrangement between KAERI and K.A.CARE

[en] 1. Proactive efforts were made for the promotion of Korean nuclear energy and nuclear non-proliferation through an expert invitation program of key U.S. personnel, consisting of a series of extensive site visits to nuclear R&D institutions and industrial sites and leading them to witness Korean nuclear energy capacity in whole nuclear fuel cycle, from the production of nuclear fuel to radioactive waste disposal. 2. Several ROK-U.S. joint workshops were conducted to narrow the differences of each side’s respective understanding of the future nuclear energy systems being developed in Korea. 3. These activities contributed to the realization of a concrete grass-root network in the U.S. 4. U.S. nuclear energy policies and trends were comprehensively analyzed by the study team including an expert dispatched to Washington DC, especially focusing on positions of U.S. opinion leaders on the necessity of US-ROK nuclear partnership in the big political changes such as the conclusion of ROK-US nuclear cooperation agreement in 2015, U.S. presidential election in 2016, administration changes in the both governments in 2017, etc.

[en] A public's perception and judgment model on nuclear power is developed to reveal the structure of public acceptance toward nuclear power in Korea. This is somewhat a verification of an earlier study by the author using two independent sets of survey data. A perception model makes it possible to construct two major exploratory variables, perceived risk and perceived benefit. The difference of perception is analyzed for different groups such as gender, education difference, and different information channels. A judgment model helps identify influential factors that improve the acceptance of nuclear energy. Estimates of model parameters from independent data sets were not significantly different, which implies the validity of the model. Methodologies of this study can be used as the basis for investigating the structure of public perception of technological risks and benefits, designing a public information and risk communication program, and developing remedial policy actions to improve public acceptance

[en] This book analyzed international non-proliferation regime preventing from spread of nuclear weapon. This book took review from the historical background of non-proliferation regime to the recent changes and status. The regime, here, is divided into multilateral and bilateral regime. First of all, this book reports four multilateral treaties concluded for non-proliferation such as NPT, NWFZ, CTBT and others. Secondly, international organization and regimes concerned with non-proliferation are analyzed with emphasis of UN, IAEA, ZC and NSG, Regional Safeguards System and international conference. Finally, this book report the current circumstances of nuclear cooperation agreement related with Korea which is an important means for bilateral regime. (author). 13 tabs., 2 figs

[en] Under Article X of the Treaty on the Non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapon (NPT), an NPT party has the right to withdraw from the Treaty if it decides that extraordinary events, related to the subject matter of the Treaty, have jeopardized the supreme interests of its country such as national security. Nonetheless, the application of safeguards on all materials and equipment supplied to the State Party should be continued for nuclear non-proliferation. This study would identify the fall-back safeguards mechanism in the current safeguards system and evaluate whether the mechanism provides the legal instruments to prevent the diversion of nuclear material and equipment supplied to the State Party withdrawing from the NPT. To prevent diversion of nuclear material and equipment supplied to the State withdrawing from the NPT, legal instruments for continuous application of safeguards are needed. As discussed above, the fallback safeguards mechanism set forth in each safeguards agreement can play a crucial role in preventing nuclear proliferation. In this context, two recommendations are suggested: (1) Supplier states have to specify their safeguards right explicitly in NCA and exercise effectively, if necessary. To have universality, the requirement to be included in every NCA could be discussed in international non-proliferation community. (2) To close the existing loophole in the termination of INFCIRC/153 agreement from the NPT withdrawal, additional instruments such as signing on additional INFCIRC/66 agreement, as an international norm, can be considered in advance.

[en] To devote efforts to international nuclear technology cooperation, the research team of this study surveyed the IAEA activities to find ones suitable for extra-contributions by Korea. Based on the survey, the team made inputs to the IAEA MSSP (Member State Support Program). After consultation with the IAEA secretariat, it was decided to hold a technical meeting for the Asia Pacific region in Korea during 2009. The Korean government contributed 93,000 dollars to the IAEA for this purpose. Also a workshop on the safeguards for a pyroprocessing was held in Korea during 2008. The financial contribution to the IAEA technical meeting is one of the efforts from Korea to increase its understanding on the transparency in domestic nuclear activities. The contribution to the workshop on the safeguards of a pyroprocessing is expected to be a seed for implementing a future domestic nuclear R and D plan. Also such a contribution will enhance its transparency in developing domestic nuclear fuel cycle technology. Further efforts are necessary to lead to safeguards technology development by contributing to future MSSPs on advanced fuel cycle facilities. It is recommended to continue these financial contributions including in-kind contributions to the IAEA by elaborating the accumulated experiences on nuclear transparency

[en] This study approaches the international trends related to nuclear non-proliferation in four aspects. First, this study analyzes the trend of the international nuclear non-proliferation regime, which includes the Treaty on the Non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), the international nuclear export control regime and proposals for assurance of nuclear fuel supply. Second, this study analyzes the trend of international nuclear organizations, which includes the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), a central body of development of nuclear technology and international nuclear diplomacy, and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development/Nuclear Energy Agency (OECD/NEA), a intergovernmental organization to consist of a group of nuclear advanced countries. Third, this study analyzes the trends of the U.S.'s nuclear foreign policies, particularly nuclear non-proliferation. Fourth, this study analyzes the nuclear issues of North Korea and Iran as they cause serious concerns to a international society

[en] As the nuclear issues in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) are beyond the range of non-proliferation and have become a part of disarmament issues, Republic of Korea (ROK), the country directly involved, needs to give more attention to this change in U.S. position. This study compares the 2010 and 2018 NPRs to draw out the findings from a technical point of view and its impact on nonproliferation. The NPR represents the modern tendency of world nuclear deployment reflecting the security environment and socio-political circumstances. The new NPR’s strengthened declaration on extended deterrence and reassurance makes the U.S. allies and partners relieved. Meanwhile, it is also interpreted into the return of great power competition with China and Russia. The ROK, facing the DPRK nuclear issues, could reaffirm the reassurance of the U.S.

[en] This study analyzed the trends of the nonproliferation regimes in the following three aspects. First, this study analyzed the trends of the international nuclear non-proliferation regime, which includes the NPT, the IAEA safeguards system, the international nuclear export control regime and multilateral nuclear approach. Second, this study forecast the future trends of the nonproliferation systems with the reflection of current international situations. Third, this study also analyzed outstanding issues in nuclear control regimes and derived some factors to reflect national nuclear foreign policy

[en] This study carried out the analysis of trends of the multilateral nuclear control in four aspects. First, this study analyzes the past trends of the international nuclear non-proliferation regime, which includes the NPT, the IAEA safeguards system, the international nuclear export control regime and the physical protection of nuclear materials. Second, this study establishes the multilateral cooperation strategies for the effective cooperation in the process of strengthening the nuclear control regimes. Third, this study reviews the major agenda of nuclear control regimes and establishes national positions on each agenda. Fourth, this study also analyzes outstanding issues in nuclear control regimes and derives some factors to reflect national nuclear control system