Ukraine（烏克蘭）

Gaga kska Owcow ka Ukraine, 49 00 N, 32 00 E ka gaga na nniqan. Kana ka knlbangan na o 603,550 sq km（hangan na o Tg46） (knlbanga dxgal o 579,330 sq km, knlbangan qsiya o 24,220 sq km). Kana ka sejiqun o niqan 44,209,733 hiyi. Gaga Kyiv ka pusu alang paru, jiyax 24 idas 8 ka jiyax skrayan klwaan. Manu ka dxgal Ukraine ga wada sugan 71.20% ka dxgal qpahan, 16.80% ka dxgal bbuyu, rahuq dxgal do niqan 12% na.

Bukung klwaan ta sayang o kiya ka Volodymyr Zelensky, pnaah hngkawas2019 idas 5 jiyax 20pnrajing kmlawa klwaan.

cinkhulan sa knita’ sa brbiru’

Ukraine (烏克蘭)

Ukraine (Kari Ukraine: Україна, Roma hwa: Ukrayina; phnang kari Ukraine: [ukrɑˈjinɑ]）) Wa mniq Tunarac Oco na Konghkwo, tuhunac u lmutuc Ucilung Qalux, tunarac u lmutuc Russia, tudaya u msdalih Belarus, tuiwil u tuhuy mllutuc Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania mi Moldova knou bay qnlhangan mllutuc. Ukraine ka Oco tu2 knbeyhing dxral qnlhangan, msnul Russia, knhbrawan hiyi sediq u 4220 knbkiyan hiyi (Ini spuwi ka wada pdyakan mangal Russia ka Crimea mi Sevastopol, kngkawas 2015 idas 9 diyax 8). Lnlingay nniqan u wa mniq tnayus Oco ryeynmong mi Dukuricu Kwosyey, kiya ka tuiwil qnlangan mi Russia nniqan seyji pnstrngan, kiya ka Teynskyo wenmin mi Tongcng kyo wenmin na nniqan pnstrngan uri.

Mniq 9 th cida, dmuwi Ukraine sotu Kiev ka ngalan tukcka pusu, cbiyaw balay Tunarac sediq Slavic wada phiyu tukingal minjoku qnlhangan Kiev Rus, mnuda mbiyax balay uri han, dhuq 12 th ka wada mkrhak. Kndadax 14 th tukcka prading, Ukraineu wada yahan qmlahang Kingcang Horde, Poland wangkwo mi Lithuania Takongkwo ka skkingal qmlahang. Mniq Beyhing Tudaya Mccbu (Kngkawas 1700-1721) daw, Ukraine u wada yahan yahan ppluk kyapan biyax icil Dungan. 19 th cida, ou bay dxral Ukraine u wada mnRussia Tikwo, msngari niya daw dxral qlhangan Austro Tikwo. Mniq Tumn1 Qnlangan Beyhing Mccbu mi Russia Koming mrrudu cida, Ukraine u mnniq kngkawas 1917 dhuq kngkawas 1921 mllbu bay dukuricu. Mniq babaw mccbu kcka dha nanaq daw, Ukraine Suweyay Syakay Cuyi Konghkwo mniq kngkawas 1922 u wada mtumal Suryeyn pusu bay pnhiyun na Cyamong Konghkwo uri. Bukuy daw dhuq babaw Tumn2 Qnlangan Beyhing Mccbu mnhdu daw, ida na qlhangan Poland ka tuiwil Ukraine u wada kyapan ngalan Suweyay Ukraine. Mniq kngkawas 1945, Ukraine u mnUN pnrdingan balay pnhiyu qnlhangan uri.

Ri-s(歷史)

Spuda patas ndanan kawku, Ukraine u niqan snkuwan dha nCbiyaw Btasil Jiday mi nBurah Btasil Jiday na turak Cbiyaw Balay Sediq. Kcka tndxral Ukraine quri so mchdil balay Cbiyaw Btasil Jiday spuwan snthiyaq diyax saya daw niqan 2 knbkiyan kngkawas brah cida dhuq 3 knbkiyan kngkawas brah cida na thiti hari rncuhan matas nCbiyaw Btasil Jiday.

Rikisi Ukraine ka sediq Vikings mniq kongweyn 9 th phiyu qnlhangan Kiev Rus na pusu balay nniqa, kiya ka kkawas hari niyi Russia Cpncuyi pkrana knnama balay nniqan uri. 10 th brah mi bukuy, Tunarac sediq Slavic knkingal alang mniq nniqan Ukraine saya mnsupu wada mnCbiyaw Ros bujoku, kiya ka phiyu qnlhangan Kiev Rus. Spuda qnita dha knkla rikisi, wada dha ngalan Kiev Rus ka 3 saya Tunarac sediq Slavic (Belarus, Russia mi Ukraine) na brah niya. Furadimir 1th Sweyyatosrawiki mi laqi niya Cucoyarosrahu qmlahang cida, wada ngalan kiya ka Kiev na mbiyax balay cida. Cida ka dhiya u wada smluhay Tongcng kyo, wada smmalu Ros hwatyeyn uri. 12 th dhuq 14 th, Kurosu seyji, keyjay, bungka congsin u snpeyyah Kiev mquri tunarac daya na Furadimir knpriyux, mtmay rikisi Ros u yahan kmuyak txtatx ka cida, Kuros bujoku u wada kndudul pkrhak sediq Russia (sediq Beyhing Russia), sediq Ukraine (Tiping sediq Russia) mi Belarus tu3 cusi. Kiev Rus u mniq 13 th wada yahan knrmux kyapan Mongolia Tikwo.

Spuda kngkawas 1187 Kiev tuhunac mquri llmiqu nniqan na qringan Pereyasrahu kongkwo na qmlahang Furadimir Korepowiki ka wada mrdang, Ipacyeyehu ka mnku patas matas ‘Ukraine u alaw hiya muda muyas’ (ѡ нем же оукраина много постона，o nem že ukraina mnogo postona). Babaw niya mkpiya 10 kngkawas mi kcka th kari niyi u wada ngalan tmiyu Kayjwesia Worinia, Puskhu, Ryangcan quri icil Rus ini pntna na ayus nniqan. Snpeyyah niyi u hangan Ukraine prading pcriyu da.

Ceng-c(政治)

Pnwaya seyji (政治制度)

Ukraine u muru muda 3 biyax psanak phiyu na uuda seyji, kiya ka qnlhangan na Phiyu waya, Sndhu waya mi Muru Qmpah Biyax, to bay muru pnwaya keyngpo ayus mi muda nanaq pndungus niya biyax. Keyngpo u psdhuq Ukraine pusu biyax, dukuricu, mincu na hwacu qnlhangan. Soto ka rmirih qnlhangan na knbeyhing weynso; knbeyhing bay rata ka pnwaya cikwan; neyko ka singcng cikwan, psquri soto seykining. Ukraine Gikay u muda pnwaya 1 yingkay, Gikay ka Knbeyhing bay Rata, kiya ka qnlhangan knbeyhing bay pnwaya cikwan, Knbeyhing Rata knhbrawan hiyi u 450 sediq giying. Knbeyhing Rata na giying U ida spuda sediq msdurux seyngkyo pnhiyu, iyax diyax qpahun u 4 kngkawas.

Soto seyngkyo u dmuwi ini pusa hangan msdurux spuda sediq seyngkyo, iyax diyax qpahun u 5 kngkawas, mntna taxa hiyi qpahun soto u naqah mslutuc mn2 mangal qpahun (10 kngkawas). Kiya mi congri seyhu u spuda soto pusa hangan mi smruwa ka gikay daw kiya ka malu psdhuwan phiyu.

Cngtang (政黨)

Ukraine u muda pnwaya knou tang, dhuq kngkawas 2020 idas 1, knkana cngtang wa mniq Ukraine Shwabu pusa hang na u niqan 349 cngtang.

Nniqan bay hangan niya u：

Petros Porosnko citwan ‘Dantay’
Knkana Ukraine Ryeynmong ‘Cukwo’
Knkana Ukraine Ryeynmong ‘Mtrawah’
Yoriya Timosnko Ryeynmong
Ritwen Ryeynmong
‘Nita Ukraine’ Jnmin Ryeynmong
Ticyu Tang
Jnmin Tang
Quli Jnmin Tang
Jnmin Mincu Tang
Jnmin Cwey Tang
Ukraine Cinpu Syakay Tang
Ukraine Syakay Mincu Tang
Knpriyux mi Bnkuwan Tang
Ukraine Jnmin Undo
Kiristo Kyo Mincu Ryeynmong
Ukraine Msama Tang
Ukraine Syakay Tang
Ukraine
Ukraine Jnmin Tang

2004-2005 Rakaw Mnmudu Komin. ( 2004-2005年橙色革命)

Kndadax Ceorgia muda Phpah Pakaw Meykuy Koming daw, Ukraine u wada muda Mnmudu Koming (splawa dha Riku Koming uri). Mincupay, Nita Ukraine’ Jnmin Ryeynmong na Yosnko wa pusa kari tumn2 meytaq hyo seyngkyo mqbling cida, mniq tumn3 meytaq hyo mbiyax mi wada mndungus mangal soto. Babaw Mnmudu Koming daw, Yosnko na Ukraine seyhu smdhu bay mincwey cuyi, wada niya spasu sediq qnlhangan ka keyjay yosang 80%, so niyi ka ndanan u wada mchdil bay tonghwo pongcang, qnbliqan kdusan sediq u wada kasi elih balay. Uxay wana so niyi, hana mntutuy ka msdalih Tuiwil na seyhu u ini sangay mtdiyal kddiyax, Yosnko cucngtang ‘Nita Ukraine’ Jnmin Ryeynmong tuhuy hnyuwan muda dmudul gikay na Yoriya Timosnko Ryeynmong u mtdiyal, congri Timosnko u wada plixan qpahun, kngkawas 2006 na kcka seyngkyo kwohuy u msdalih Tuiwil seyhu ka mtuting, msdalih Russia niya na Anukowiki ka wada lmutuc mangal qpahun congri Dungan, tumn2 mtutuy mangal biyax qmlahang. Kngkawas 2007 Yosnko u wada knama ptalax kwohuy, muda burah seyngkyo kwohuy, msdalih Tuiwil Timosnko Ryeynmong mi Nita Ukraine Jnmin Ryeynmong ka wada mangal hmrinas dmka knhbrawan giying, Timosnko Dungan ka wada phyuwan congri.

Kngkawas 2010 Ukraine soto seyngkyo, msdalih Russia na Anukowiki brah congri mniq tumn2 meytaq hyo wada mangal 48.95% hyo mbiyax, mntxan mtutuy mangal biyax qmlahang.

2013 msdalih Omong knciyuk pkla kari undo. (2013年親歐盟示威運動)

Kngkawas 2013 puting hiti, msdalih Russia na Ukraine soto Anukowiki seyhu u wada smhdu tuhuy Oco Ryeynmong psdhu matas seyji mi mtrawah mawyi syeyi, iyux pskbiyax pnluban dha Russia, kiya daw wada mniq Kiev knciyuk seyhu pkla kari ka Ukraine msdalih Oco pay, sediq kangyi niya u meysa seyhu tuhuy Omong ppatas pnsdhuwan syeyyi, ptingun dha ka Anukowiki, knama muda seyngkyo.

Kngkawas 2014 idas 2 diyax 22, Anukowiki u alaw wada qnuqu mnuda niya

quri uuda kcka qnlhangan knbeyhing bay knciyuk pkla kari ka hiya, hbaraw bay

sediq kangyi u wada phqilun heytay mi keysacu, wada spuda gikay pamweyn

plixan qpahun na soto, kiya mi pkla kari knama mniq kawas cida idas 5 diyax

25 muda soto seyngkyo. Anukowiki u wada qduriq Russia saya, miying

seyji qqlhangun Russia.

Kngkawas 2014 Krimia qnlqilan mi tuhuy msdalih Russia mccbu. (2014年克里米亞危機與親俄武裝衝突)

Pusu tyawmu: Kngkawas 2014 Krimia qnlqilan mi Tubas Mccbu.

Krimia u alaw hbaraw ka llutuc sediq Russia, nniqanm nmsdalih Russia, gikay dha u ini sruwa msdalih Omong sediq knciyuk niya uxay daw Ukraine rinji seyhu, qnita dha u gikay pamyeyn palax brah soto Anukowiki uuda niyi u ini puru waya. Mniq nganguc Maytan na rakaw koming cuciso jikeyng, kiya mi kcka Audsa Canan sediq Russia ka wada phqilun jikeyng (Jikeyng niyi u wada sqama puniq ka beyhing sapah konghuy mi wada phqilun ka sediq Russia) mnhdu daw, alaw qdriqun ka narac nniqan mi pnsliyan mscuqi hwannacwey na msdara canan mdudul dhuq Krimia, kiya ka niqan lnglungan dha smatang kasi dukuricu uxay daw tumal Russia. Ana so mbiyax bay hmtur ka seyhu Ukraine, Russia u mniq idas 3 diyax 2 pkla kari alaw qmlahang sediq qnlhangan dha, pkrana snkaul heytay mniq Krimia, kiya ka wada muda Krimia qnlqilan. Kongto tumal Russia daw, qnita quri so Tuiwil mi Amirika u ‘Uuda kongto kiya u ini puru waya’ ini sruwa ndanan kiya, Russia u krinah snkaul hbaraw heytay mtblayaq knrmux mangal kiya ma wada sqrasun bay sediq tndxral hiya, kngkawas 2014 thiti dmka kngkawas phiyu dukuricu butay, pndungus S-400 qmlahang tnkarac huytan mi Skay 30 skoki mccbu mi ppuniq. Spuda Krimia Konghkwo gicyo, congri mi Sevastopol su sucang mi Puting psdhu ppatas Krimia Tumal Russia Tyawwey, kiya mi wada muda pnrngawan Russia Qnlhangan Tuma mi Ryeynpang Yingkay uri, Puting u mniq idas 3 diyax 21 psdhu matas patas waya smruwa Krimia mi Sevastopol tumal Russia, Krimia mi Sevastopol kndadax cida daw wada mnRussia Ryeynpang tnpusu uri da, wada tumal Russia ka Krimia u mniq tunarac Ukraine u wada muda lmutuc uuda so niyi uri. Idas 4 prading Karkohu, Tunneck, Audsa, Rukansk u mslutuc muda msdalih Russia knciyuk mi beytaq mccbu, bukuy daw Tunneck, Rukansk ddha dxral niyi ka wada pkla kari dukuricu, psanak phiyu Tunneck Jnmin Konghkwo mi Rukansk Jnmin Konghkwo, kiya dmudul psrading Burah Russia Ryeynpang, tuhuy seyhu Ukraine knciyuk mccbu.

Way-cyaw (外交)

Dhuq kngkawas 2019 cida, Ukraine u wada tuhuy 187 qnlhangan muda cyeyncyaw, kiya mi niqan 185 ka ida niqan tasuci pnluban dha pwaluk waycyaw.

Cyun-su (軍事)

Kwori Rucyun Byoing.
Pawping Heytay Ukraine.
Ingkoku pbari smudan niya Saksyun Tangku quri Ukraine mi tumal mccbu.
BM21 Ou Bali Puniq Hwocyeyn.
OTR-21 Cansu Huytan.
Heytay Ukraine T95 Rakasang Su.
Skoki Su-27 Ukraine.
T-84 ‘Pawrey’ Pusu Mccbu Tangku.
BTR-4E.
Kozak-2.
KRAZ-6322.
Novator.

Sing-ceng cyu-hwa (行政區劃)

Singcng cyuhwa Ukraine knkana u psnakan 3ci, kcka 1ci singcngcyu u knkana 24 Sing Co, 1 Cucu Konghkwo, 2 Cusyasu, knkana 27 singcng cyuhwa. Wa truma bntasan niyi kana:

Kiev Co
Mannica Co
Nepocng Co
Tunceck Co (Duma dxral u balay bay wa qlhangan Tuneck Jnmin Konghkwo)
Jutomir Co
Waykrpacyen Co
Caporocyey Co
Ivano-Hwarankohusk Co
Kirowokoro Co
Rukanks Co (Duma dxral u wada qnhangan Rukanks Jnmin Konghkwo)
Liwehu Co
Nikurayehu Co
Audsa Co
Potawa Co
Rohuno Co
Sume Co
Cyernopor Co
Karkhu Co
Horsong Co
Homerinicki Co
Cerkaso Co
Conihuci Co
Cirnikohu Co

Ti-ri (地理)

Ukraine wa mniq tunarac Oco, knbeyhing dxral u 60.37 pinghwang km (ya bay knbeyhing dxral ida mnSuryeyn 5.3%), tunarac tuiwil knbbaraw 1300km, tuhunac tudaya 900km. Tuhunac msdalih Ucilung Yasu mi Ucilung Qalux, dxral tunarac daya u lmutuc Russia, tudaya msdalih Belarus, tuiwil u lmutuc Poland, Slovakia mi Hungary, tuhunac u lmutuc Moldova mi Romania. Ukraine u to bay nniqan mntunarac Oco brnux, knbeyhing bay dudux dwiyaq ka wa tuiwil Tudu dwiyaq Korpacyen na dwiyaq Kowirra (Haypa 2061m). Kngkkarac mnmuxul telusing kngkkarac, tuhunac mkngahu ucilung Krimia Pantaw ka kngkkarac yajotay.

Cing-ci (經濟)

Ukraine u qnlhangan qqpahan kong nong ka mrana. Congkongyey mniq kcka kongyey pusu na balay, quri so meytan, kmari king, smmalu kikay mi hwaswey kongyey kiya ka wada msyeyntayhwa keyjay na pusu buc dmkuh. Dxral Ukraine u mndungus balay, pnhuma pnwalang u uuqun bbuwax mi mmugi, chiya sama, syangjukuy, lipas, bbaraw cyeynwey yama ka pusu.

Knhbrawan hiyi sediq mi snlhayan snhiyan (人口與宗教)

Knhbrawan hiyi sediq Ukraine bsiyaq kawas u ida kiya msbukuy mrana, kngkawas 2006 knhbrawa u 4688.64 knbkiyan. Kiya u mniq kngkawas 2004 idas 6 diyax 1, knhbrawan hiyi Ukraine u 4746 hiyi, kcka niya sediq alang mkbrnux u 3210 knbkiyan hiyi, knhbrawan hiyi sediq alang nongcwen u 1540 knbkiyan hiyi. Knkana qnlhangan pndkanan knhbrawan mitu knpinghwang km u 85 hiyi sediq.

Knhbrawan hiyi mitu balay nniqan u Tunneck Co, Co hini knhbrawan hiyi sediq u dhuq 470 knbkiyan hiyi sediq, kcka niya wa mniq alang mkbrnux ka hbaraw balay, kiya ka 420 knbkiyan hiyi sediq, knhbrawan hiyi nongcwen u wana balay 46 knbkiyan hiyi sediq. Thiti daw Nepo alang mkbrnux Petros Rohu Co (350 knbkiyan hiyi), Karkhu Co (286 knbkiyan hiyi), Liwehu Co (260 knbkiyan hiyi), Rukanks Co (245 knbkiyan hiyi). Knhbrawan hiyi sediq Kiev Su u 260 knbkiyan hiyi. Knhbrawan hiyi sediq Audsa Co u 242 knbkiyan hiyi, Krimia Cucu Konhkwo u 200 knbkiyan knhbrwan hiyi sediq, Caporocyey Co u 189 knhbrawan hiyi sediq, Kiev Co u 179 knbkiyan knhbrawan hiyi sediq, Mannica Co u 173 knbkiyan knhbrawan hiyi sediq, Potawa Co u 158 knbkiyan knhbrawan hiyi sediq, Homerinicki Co mi Ivano-Hwarankohusk Co u pn140 knbkiyan knhbrawan hiyi sediq, Cerkaso Co u niqan 137 knbkiyan knhbrawan hiyi sediq, Jutomir Co u 135 knbkiyan knhbrawan hiyi sediq, Sume Co mi

Waykrpacyen Co u pn125 knbkiyan knhbrawan hiyi sediq, Nikurayehu Co u 124 knbkiyan knhbrawan hiyi sediq, Cirnikohu Co u 120 knbkiyan knhbrawan hiyi sediq, Rowen Co u 116 knbkiyan knhbrawan hiyi sediq, Horsong Co u 115 knbkiyan knhbrawan hiyi sediq, Cyernopor Co u 112 knbkiyan knhbrawan hiyi sediq, Kirowokoro Co u 110 knbkiyan knhbrawan hiyi sediq, Worun Co u 104 knbkiyan knhbrawan hiyi sediq. Ini hari khbaraw hiyi sediq u Conihuci Co-91.3 knbkiyan knhbrawan hiyi sediq. Saywastopor Su u niqan 37,8 knbkiyan knhbrawan hiyi sediq ka mniq hiya.

Wun-hwa (文化)

Bungka Ukraine u mndungus balay, juga dha sabura, parey, rmweri mi inggaku u mniq kwoci pa niqan malu balay hangan niya. Russia wenswey na tama Kwokori u snpeyyah Ukraine mquri qnlangan, Ukraine u kiya ka Torstay niqan bay hangan “Mudus Dungan” rikisi rriyan utay uri; wada dndulan ka mkpiya mtlutuc sediq Cyokoku ka niqan bay hangan bntasan patas “Hmnuya Smnmalu Ka Xxiluy”, kiya mi mnnatas niya u kiya ka sediq Ukraine Austorohuski. Ukraine u niqan qnlangan niqan bay hhangan na rikisi bungka alang mkbrnux Kiev, wada dha splawa ‘Bubu Knkana Alang Mkbrnux Russia’, niqan uri ka 950 kngkawas rikisi ka Sng Sohuyya Beyhing Pnrhulan.

Ttgsa(教育)

Ukraine na kyoiku u mrrana balay, niqan mndungus bay kyoiku tisi, hiya u wada lmutuc ida na ticu Suryeyn cbiyaw, kiya ka knkana pyasan laqi tiring, putong kyoiku, cuyey cisu kyoiku, tukcka cwanyey kyoiku, tubaraw kyoiku.

Ukraine u niqan knkana 979 pyasan tubaraw . Spuda knkingal pyasan tubaraw ini pntna hniwan mi pnyasan ratuc kiya ka phiyu 4 ini pntna pnsnakan ratuc. Saya u niqan tu1 ci, tu2 ci pyasan u niqan 664 sapah pyasan, tu3 ci, tu4 ci pyasan u niqan 315 sapah pyasan. Niqan bay hnhangan na pyasan tubeyhing pa niqan: Pyasan Tubeyhing Kiev (Kana bay hangan niya u Pyasan Tubeyhing Kiev Taras Sohucinko, quri so uuda singcng pa kocyo u msdurux pquri soto seykining), Pyasan Tubeyhing Ukraine Pnhiyu Qnlhangan Cisu (Pyasan Rikong Kiev), Pyasan Tubeyhing Pnhiyu Qnlhangan Mawyi Keyjay Kiev, Pyasan Tubeyhing Pnhiyu Qnlhangan Hangkong Ukraine, Pyasan Tubeyhing Pnhiyu Qnlhangan Karkohu, Pyasan Tubeyhing Pnhiyu Qnlhangan Riwihu, Pyasan Sweyweyn Inggaku Audsa, Pyasan Sweyweyn Inggaku Caykohuski uri.

Ti-yu (體育)

Mtur boru ka tu1 undo Ukraine, tna mniq Suryeyn cida daw kiya ka Suryeyn Qnlhangan Mtur Boru Tuy pa wada phiyu hbaraw bay niqan beyhing hangan na mpsboru niya, kiya mi wada dukuricu daw niqan mtutuy uri ka mpsboru niqan bay hnhangan qnlhangan niya mray so Andryey Sohucinko. Kiev Tinamo tuy ka kcka qnlhangan sqrasun balay dha mpsboru. Kiya uri u Ukraine pa quri so storing qsiya, mptalang tyeyncing, ticaw, jotaw kluwanan undo u mbiyax balay uri.

Mey-ti (媒體)

Ukra sinbung ciko mqlahang pumn ka Ukraine Qnlhangan Pradiyo Treybi Sinsi Cngco Yingkay, brah niya han pa Ukraine Sinsi Cngcobu, mnUkraine neyko, pusu na seykining u mptusa Ukraine sinbung ciko cngco, qmlahang uuda mi pprngaw pkmalu uuda.

Pnyahan pnatas(參考資料)

CIA
外交部
Tnhjil kari seejiq Watan Diro(瓦旦吉洛) mtabug.
List of current heads of state and government